Diminishing marginal utility (DMU) is a basic tenet of economic and psychological models of judgment and choice, but its determinants are little understood. In the research reported here, we tested whether insensitivities in valuations of dollar amounts (e.g., $40, $100) may be due to inexact mappings of symbolic numbers (i.e., "40," "100") onto mental magnitudes. In three studies, we demonstra...

Experimental evidence suggests that decision makers with proposal power are held responsible for collective decisions. In the case of coalition governments, voter heuristics assign responsibility economic outcomes to individual parties, directing vote toward Prime Minister party. Using extensive survey data from 1988 2010 in 28 democracies, we demonstrate voters also identify Finance party as d...

Environmental economic valuations of biodiversity are an increasingly active field academic inquiry, often presented as a prominent means to rationalize decision-making on environmental issues. However, the meaning this argument is unclear, because it uses term “rationalize” in loose way. This argument, typically formulated literature, makes look though do not involve any value-judgment by econ...

This paper suggests new approximations that are inspired by topological structures. The primary goal of this work is to define four neighborhoods resulting from a binary relation. Thus, we have distinct techniques for approximating rough sets. suggested approaches represent generalizations the previous works. characteristics and connections these investigated. For sake application, provide some...