Using hyperspectral measurements made in the field, we show that the effective sea-surface reflectance ρ (defined as the ratio of the surface-reflected radiance at the specular direction corresponding to the downwelling sky radiance from one direction) varies not only for different measurement scans, but also can differ by a factor of 8 between 400 nm and 800 nm for the same scan. This means th...

The comparison of recalibrated spectra from the atmospheric emitted radiance interferometer prototype (AERI-00) and lineby-line radiative transfer model (LBLRTM) calculations show much smaller differences in the 800-1200 cm atmospheric -1 window region under “clear conditions” compared with the preliminary calibrated data. Results indicate that the new AERI-00 data is in good agreement with sim...

geothermal energy serves as a renewable and clean energy. thanks to its great advantages such as relatively harmless, low costs and environmental friendly, it may be a good substitute for fossil fuels. in the present study, a geothermal survey is conducted in an area prone geothermal ferdows of south khorasan province in eastern iran using etm+ data landsat 7 geo-referenced to topography map in...

The evaluation and improvement of radiative transfer calculations are essential to attain improved performance of general circulation models (GCMs) for climate change applications. A Quality Measurement Experiment (QME) is being conducted to analyze the spectral residuals between the downwelling longwave radiance measured by the University of Wisconsin Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferomete...

Characterization of urban radiance and reflectance is important for understanding the effects of solar energy flux on the urban environment as well as for satellite mapping of urban settlement patterns. Spectral mixture analyses of Landsat and Ikonos imagery suggest that the urban radiance field can very often be described with combinations of three or four spectral endmembers. Dimensionality e...

A laboratory experiment was designed to determine the spectral characteristics of different types of sediment suspended in water in the visible and near infrared wavelengths (0.45-0.9 /xm) using a fourchannel radiometer. Field collected sediments were resuspended in water to produce different concentration levels for the measurement of radiance. Spectral measurements of turbid water showed a di...

[1] The ARM Shortwave Spectrometer (SWS) measures zenith radiance at 418 wavelengths between 350 and 2170 nm. Because of its 1-sec sampling resolution, the SWS provides a unique capability to study the transition zone between cloudy and clear sky areas. A spectral invariant behavior is found between ratios of zenith radiance spectra during the transition from cloudy to cloud-free. This behavior...