A bi-isotropic magneto-electric metamaterials is modeled by two independent reservoirs. The reservoirs contain a continuum of three dimensional harmonic oscillators, which describe polarizability and magnetizability of the medium. The paper aimed to investigate the effect of electromagnetic field on bi-isotropic. Starting with a total Lagrangian and using Euler-Lagrange equation, researcher cou...

 Casimir entropy is an important aspect of casimir effect and at the nanoscale is visible. In this paper, we employ the path integral method to ‎obtain a‎ ‎general‎ relation for casimir entropy and ‎i‎nternal energy of arbitrary shaped objects in the presence of two, three and four dimension scalar fields and ‎the‎ electromagnetic field. For this purpose, using Lagrangian and based on a perturb...

Analysis consisting of numerical simulations along with lab experiments of interaction effects between key parameters on the electromagnetic force based on response surface methodology (RSM) has been also proposed to optimize the design of high-speed solenoid valve (HSV) and improve its performance. Numerical simulation model of HSV has been developed in Ansoft Maxwell environment and its accur...

We derive the analytic expressions of the electromagnetic force and torque on a dipolar particle, with arbitrary dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability. We then develop a general framework, based on the coupled dipole method, for computing the electromagnetic force and torque experienced by an object with arbitrary shape, dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability.

Hadron mass spectrum in quenched QCD [See Fig. 3, p. 14].. " for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction " 2 We know of two fundamental forces on the macroscopic scale that we experience in daily life: the gravitational force that binds our solar system together and keeps us on earth, and the electromagnetic force between electrically charged objects. Both ar...

We show that when left and right handed neutrinos a have majorana mass matrix, local guage invariance produces a fifth force acting between chiral charges on neutrinos and quarks. The force is a carried by a massless (or low mass) 1-spin guage boson, we call an axiphoton. The force is caused by a U(1) axial guage symmetry in the way as the electromagnetic force. We expect from renormalisation t...