BACKGROUND There are two approaches to the differential examination of school motivation. The first is to examine motivation towards specific school subjects (between school subject differentiation). The second is to examine school motivation as a multidimensional concept that varies in terms of not only intensity but also quality (within school subject differentiation). These two differential ...

BACKGROUND Families with disabled children need more psycho-social considerations. Motherhood care of the children with multiple disabilities is difficult. Due to its importance, the aim of this study was to investigate the causal factors affecting loving care of mothers of children with multiple disabilities. METHODS The study used a cross-sectional method in which 75 mothers of exceptional ...

the level of dental and oral hygiene on elementary school age children is very low, so it can be increasing the incidence of dental and oral diseases which caused by various microorganisms. moutwash can keep dental and oral hygiene, but many commercial mouthwash is still used alcohol as their ingredients, which can be giving side effects, therefore, we still needed used alternative mouthwash, w...

OBJECTIVES This study investigated the relation between functional performance skills of children with Down syndrome and the age of entry into mainstream elementary education. METHOD In a cross-sectional study of 70% of the 7-year-old children with Down syndrome in Norway (N = 43), we measured functional performance using the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). The study was ...

BACKGROUND Anxiety symptoms are relatively common among children and adolescents and can interfere with functioning. The prevalence of anxiety and the relationship between anxiety and school performance were examined among elementary, middle, and high school students. METHODS Samples of elementary (N = 131, age 8-10 years), middle (N = 267, age 11-13 years), and high school (N = 80, age 14-16...

This study aimed to determine the association between overweight and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Tehranian school children. A total of 631 school children aged 8-14 year old were selected from elementary and secondary schools, and body weight status was determined according to WHO growth references for 5-19 year old children. Children were categorized into the overweight and non-o...

objective: the aim of the current study was to assess the impact of computer games and computer-assisted type instruction on dictation scores of elementary school children with attention deficit – hyperactivity disorder (adhd). method: in this single-blind clinical trial, 37 elementary school children with adhd, selected by convenience sampling and divided into group i (n=17) and group ii (n=20...

BACKGROUND Dental caries among Iranian elementary school children aged 6-12 years continue to rise. To estimate treatment needs and guide health initiatives, current epidemiologic data are required. Such data are currently unavailable for dental health. The purpose of this study was to assess caries experience, dental plaque, and associated factors in elementary school-aged children from Iran. ...

Background: Emotion regulation and separation anxiety are some of the problems faced by elementary-school students. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral play therapy (CBPT) on emotion regulation and separation anxiety of elementary-school children in Isfahan. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted using a pretest-posttest design with a contro...

DOCUMENT RESUME CG 004 933 LUQUE2Th, A. J.; AND OTHERS SCME IMMEDIATE EFFECTS OF A SMOKING ENVIRONMENT ON CHILDREN OF ELEMENTAEY SCHOOL AGE. WEST TEXAS STATE UNIV., CANYON. 69 17P. ;DRS PRICE MF-$0.25 HC-$0.95 *EL2MENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS, *ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES, *FAMILY ENVIRONMENT, FEMALES, HEART RATE, MALES, * PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PHYSICAL HEALTH, *SMOKING THE, PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY W...