Because land surface emissivity ( ) has not been reliably measured, global climate model (GCM) land surface schemes conventionally set this parameter as simply constant, for example, 1 as in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) model, and 0.96 for bare soil as in the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Commun...

The Spatially Enhanced Broadband Array Spectrograph System (SEBASS) is one of the few systems that acquire hyperspectral data sets in the thermal infrared (TIR). Many rock forming minerals display distinct spectral features mainly (or exclusively) in the 812μm range (“Reststrahlen bands”). Hence, development of good TIR instruments and algorithms are of high importance for geologic remote sensi...

High-resolution visible remote sensing imagery and thermal infrared hyperspectral imagery are potential data sources for land-cover classification. In this paper, in order to make full use of these two types of imagery, a spatial-spectral-emissivity land-cover classification method based on the fusion of visible and thermal infrared hyperspectral imagery is proposed, namely, SSECRF (spatial-spe...

Temperature–Emissivity Separation (TES) in the Thermal InfraRed (TIR) domain is an illposed problem, in which the number of measurements (the measured spectral radiances) is less than the number of the parameters to be determined (the values of emissivity in each channel plus the temperature). In this paper we present a new method for deriving these parameters from TIR radiance spectra. The pre...

Surface broadband emissivity in the thermal infrared region is an important parameter for the studies of the surface energy balance. This paper focuses on estimating a broadband window emissivity from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) data. Both sensors are on board the NASA Earth Observing System (EOS...

Remote sensing of snowpack temperatures from satellites requires knowledge of the spectral emissivity of snow. A model for spectral emissivity is combined with the Planck function to calculate bffghtness temperature of snow in thermal infrared wavelengths for a range of grain sizes and viewing angles. Emissivity variations caused by density, grain shape, liquid water, and grain size are apparen...

Traditional low infrared emissivity coatings based on aluminum flakes cannot own low IR emissivity and low lightness simultaneously. Herein, a new simple efficient method for the synthesis of brown Al/MnO2 composite pigments with low IR emissivity and low lightness is reported, through forming MnO2 layer on aluminum flakes by thermal cracking, then altering the shape and forming nanoshell by st...

Emissivity measurements were made during the ReSeDA experiment. Emissivities are necessary for obtaining surface temperatures from remote sensing data in the thermal infrared, and they enter the radiative balance in the atmosphere-surface system. The objective of this study was to assess the spatial variation of surface emissivity in the area, with special regard to the spectral variation of em...

Precise control of a material's emissivity is critical for thermal-engineering applications. Metamaterials, which derive their optical properties from sub-wavelength structures, have emerged as a promising way to tune emissivity over a wide parameter space. However, metamaterial designs have not yet achieved simultaneous spatial and temporal control of emissivity, which is important for advance...