As the proportion of early gastric cancer has been increasing with national cancer screening program, endoscopic treatment for early gastric cancer has been expanded with the progress of endoscopic technique and accessories. Recently, expanded indication of endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer has been proposed with technical and instrumental advances. Although endoscopic complete rese...

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is a useful diagnostic tool for evaluation of esophagogastric varices and guidance of endoscopic therapy. EUS can visualize not only collateral veins around the esophagus but also perforating veins that connect esophageal varices with collateral veins. They are associated with high risk of bleeding and early recurrence after initial variceal eradication. Isolated gas...

The last years saw the dawn of a paradigm shift in small bowel investigation and management. Once difficult to approach through both endoscopic and radiologic studies, small bowel evaluation underwent a game-changing revolution with the recent advent of new endoscopic and radiologic technologies. The radiologic revolution came from the development of computed tomography enterography (CTE) and m...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of an endoscopic versus microscopic approach to pituitary adenoma resection. STUDY DESIGN Markov decision tree economic evaluation. METHODS An economic evaluation using a Markov decision tree model was performed. The economic perspective was that of the healthcare third-party payer. Effectiveness and probability data were obtained fro...

A 78-year-old patient without relevant past medical history underwent colonoscopy for chronic diarrhea. Examination identified a laterally spreading tumor (LST), mixed-granular-type (nodules up to 1 cm) in the rectum, from the pectin line to the rectosigmoid transition. The LST covered 100% of the circumference of this segment (▶Fig. 1). Endoscopic evaluation was compatible with an adenomatous ...

Background A multitude of endoscopic findings post-gastric bypass procedures have been previously reported in the literature, but to our knowledge, no present rules exist that could guide clinicians regarding which findings should be actively sought, once an initial finding is identified. Objective To identify co-occurrence patterns among endoscopic findings of patients having undergone past ...

A variety of congenital anomalies arise within the laryngeal or tracheal airway. Symptoms primarily include airway obstruction, hoarseness, and difficulty feeding. The diagnosis is typically made by a combination of clinical presentation, physical examination, and endoscopic evaluation. Definitive intervention may be necessary requiring endoscopic or open laryngeal surgery. Some of the more com...

Newly introduced direct peroral cholangioscopy and the development of video choledochoscopes have enabled more defined observation of bile duct mucosal lesions with clearer images. Narrow-band imaging (NBI) is a unique endoscopic imaging technology that provides enhanced endoscopic images of surface mucosal structures and its superficial microvessels. Advanced cholangioscopy and NBI are expecte...

Since its inception, colonoscopy has evolved to become the cornerstone for colorectal imaging. The increasing indications for endoscopic evaluation and potential therapeutic intervention parallels technological advances and the expanding diagnostic and thera‐ peutic capabilities of colonoscopy. The diagnostic and therapeutic yield of colonoscopy is highly user dependent. Thus, it is essential f...

Background: Dyspepsia is a common gastrointestinal problems affecting all age groups & social classes.
 Objectives: The purpose of the study was to determine endoscopic findings dyspeptic patients observe demographic characteristics (age, sex, residence, education, socioeconomic condition) presented with dyspepsia.
 Methodology: This cross-sectional conducted at Department Medicin...