Fungal genomes range in size from 2.3 Mb for the microsporidian Encephalitozoon intestinalis up to 8000 Mb for Entomophaga aulicae, with a mean genome size of 37 Mb. Basidiobolus, a common inhabitant of vertebrate guts, is distantly related to all other fungi, and is unique in possessing both EF-1α and EFL genes. Using DNA sequencing and a quantitative PCR approach, we estimated a haploid genom...

Among 170 insects infected by fungal pathogens, obtained during 2003-08 from three Northern provinces of Iran (Mazandaran, Gilan and Golestan), eight taxa of entomophthoralean fungi were identified including four pathogens of dipteran insects: Entomophaga tipulae was found on a crane fly, Entomophthora muscae was seen on five flies attached to broadbean leaves, Pandora bulata was observed only ...

In 2021, biological control programme against gipsy moth ( Lymantria dispar ) populations was carried out by introduction of the entomopathogenic fungus Entomophaga maimaiga on territory four State Forest Enterprises: Municipal Enterprise (ME) ‘Management Forests, Agriculture and Forestry’, Nessebar; Game Enterprises (SGE) Nessebar Balchik; Forestry (SF) Vidin. The pathogen ...

Azygospores (resting spores) of the fungal pathogen Entomophaga maimaiga are produced in later larval instars of the gypsy moth Lymantria dispar and normally enter constitutive dormancy. In the laboratory cadavers of recently dead larvae containing immature azygospores were placed on 1.0% water agar at 20 C for 2 wk after host death, allowing time for azygospore maturation. We found that some a...

A local population outbreak of the spongy moth, Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), in Lower Austria, resulted defoliation an oak forest 2018 and 2019. In study year 2020, density was still high but expected to decline. present work, role parasitoids pathogens collapse investigated. total, 20 egg masses, 680 larvae 12 pupae were collected field from April July 2020 reared until emergen...