Consider the dynamics of turbulent flow in rivers, estuaries and floods. Based on the widely used k-ǫ model for turbulence, we use the techniques of centre manifold theory to derive dynamical models for the evolution of the water depth and of vertically averaged flow velocity and turbulent parameters. This new model for the shallow water dynamics of turbulent flow: resolves the vertical structu...

The coexistence of competing species relies on niche partitioning. Competitive exclusion is likely inevitable at high niche overlap, but such divide between competitors may be bridged if environmental circumstances displace competitor niches to enhance partitioning. Foraging-niche dimension can be influenced by environmental characteristics, and if competitors react differently to such conditio...

Local hydromagnetic simulations of accretion disc turbulence provide now the most convincing evidence that the origin of turbulence in discs could be the Balbus{Hawley magneto-rotational instability. The main results of such calculations are highlighted with particular emphasis on the generation of large scale magnetic elds. Comparison with mean-eld dynamo theory is made. This theory is then us...

Four geometrical configurations of a real street canyon in Barreiro city (Portugal) are considered to study their influence on the dispersion of PM10. These configurations include actual architectural layout of the street (Option 1), and three virtual cases (Options 1-3). Option 2 includes the modification of real geometry by including 4 m gaps between the buildings situated on the southern par...

The technical approach is to use Surface Wave Instrument Floats with Tracking (SWIFT) buoys to measure waves, winds, and turbulence at the air-sea-ice interface (Thomson, 2012). The SWIFT deployments were successfully completed during the summer of 2014. These seasonal SWIFT measurements are placed in context using mutliyear subsurface Acoustic Wave And Current (AWAC) moorings and regional WAVE...

Velocity measurements of wind blowing near the North Sea border of Northern Germany and velocity measurements under local isotropic conditions of a turbulent wake behind a cylinder are compared. It is shown that wind gusts – measured by means of velocity increments – do show similar statistics to the laboratory data, if they are conditioned on an averaged wind speed value. Clear differences bet...

Measurements from Whitehorse upper-air and nearby mountaintop stations were analyzed with a focus on wind energy development in the region. Fifty years of measurements indicate the region has become warmer and windier. Measurements at the upper-air station have shown increases of 2.7 ̊C for surface temperature and 1 m s for mid-valley winds over the past 50 years (1956 – 2005). The winters have ...

This research shows that short-term synaptic plasticity can play a critical role in shaping the behavioral response to environmental change. In Aplysia, exposure to turbulent environments produces a stable reduction in the duration of the siphon-withdrawal reflex (SWR) and the responsiveness of siphon motor neurons. Recovery takes >1 min after a brief (10 sec-5 min) exposure but <1 min after a ...

Most migration literature focuses on large scale movements of people across country borders, while the internal migration trends of countries are commonly neglected, despite the fact that the understanding of internal migration trends is crucial for planning the future for a country. In Iraq a major reason for migration has been security a direct result of its turbulent history since the 1980’s...