In this paper I defend an eudaimonistic reading of Spinoza’s ethical philosophy. Eudaimonism refers to the mainstream tradition ancient Greeks, which considers happiness a naturalistic, stable, and exclusively intrinsic good. Within tradition, we can also draw distinction between weak eudaimonists strong eudaimonists. Weak do not ground their conceptions in complete theories metaphysics, episte...

one of the remarkable concerns of existing thinkers in the field of philosophy of religion is question of philosophical and epistemological approach to ideological movements. moreover, they explain their position toward reason and its epistemological value. the epistemological importance of this issue is because of its assumptions like: relation and situation of “narration and reason”, “revelat...

Despite the calls of ‘Christian Socialists’ to bring market forces under control state and its temporal power, supreme text Christianity not only supports existence free markets, it also prescribes their operation as normal, God-given means social interaction. Both Old New Testaments Bible provide an ethical defense itself, division labor, principle voluntary exchange, condemnation force, fraud...

Epistemic relativism rejects the idea that claims can be assessed from a universally applicable, objective standpoint. It is greatly disdained because it suggests that the real ‘basis’ for our views is something fleeting, such as ‘‘the techniques of mass persuasion’’ (Thomas Kuhn 1970) or the determination of intellectuals to achieve ‘‘solidarity’’ (Rorty 1984) or ‘‘keep the conversation going’...

The design of both steganography and steganalysis methods for digital images heavily relies on empirically justified principles. In steganography, the domain in which the embedding changes are executed is usually the preferred domain in which to measure the statistical impact of embedding (to construct the distortion function). Another principle almost exclusively used in steganalysis states th...