objectives to develop a guide to estimate blood absorbed by surgical gauze. materials and methods a clinical experiment was conducted using aspirated blood and common surgical gauze to create a realistic amount of absorbed blood in the gauze. different percentages of staining were photographed to create an analogue for the amount of blood absorbed by the gauze. results a visual analogue scale w...

background: post partum hemorrhage is one of the common causes in maternal morbidity and mortality and its outcome depends on accurate estimation of blood loss which needs acquiring skills. in this study, we decided to evaluate the effect of education on visual blood volume estimation by using simulation. method: this prospective study was done in mashhad university of medical sciences and 40 o...

this paper presents a new control methodology for active power filters that provide an adaptive online harmonic estimation with partial and selective harmonic reduction schemes, which has been implemented within an integrated controller. the proposed approach is to provide partial and selective reduction of those individual harmonics which exceed the recommended levels as set by regulatory bodi...

in the several past years, extended kalman filter (ekf) and unscented kalman filter (ukf) havebecame basic algorithm for state-variables and parameters estimation of discrete nonlinear systems.the ukf has consistently outperformed for estimation. sometimes least estimation error doesn't yieldwith ukf for the most nonlinear systems. in this paper, we use a new approach for a two variablesta...

One of the most important aspects of software project management is the estimation of cost and time required for running information system. Therefore, software managers try to carry estimation based on behavior, properties, and project restrictions. Software cost estimation refers to the process of development requirement prediction of software system. Various kinds of effort estimation patter...

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new estimation method for estimating the Archimedean copula dependence parameter in the non-parametric setting. The estimation of the dependence parameter has been selected as the value that minimizes the Cramér-von-Mises distance which measures the distance between Empirical Bernstein Kendall distribution function and true Kendall distribution functi...

One of the important issues in many of array systems such as Radar, Sonar, Mobile, and satellite telecommunications is the estimation of DOA of narrowband received signal. CRB is very important in evaluation of parameter estimation. CRB is the lower bound estimation error variance for any unbiased estimation. In this paper, the array antenna with equal distance arrays is extended in two separat...

background: iran is an arid country and has serious limitations in terms of water recourses. in arid and semi-arid regions this problem is more severe. industry is one of the primary water consumers in the country and appropriate determination of industry water demand is on the most important priorities that should be considered to save water consumption as well as determining the industry wate...