This paper studies the effect of real effective exchange rate (REER) volatility on economic growth as well as the euro’s effect on REER volatility. We first show that, after a plausible endogeneity correction, REER volatility is negatively associated with growth in a 1980~2011 panel of OECD countries. One standard deviation volatility decrease is associated with about two percentage points (0.8...

To assess quality of life and cost-effectiveness of additional acupuncture treatment for allergic rhinitis, patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups; both received usual care, but one group received an additional 10 acupuncture sessions. Quality of life (according to the SF-36 Health Survey), and direct and indirect costs, were assessed at baseline and after 3 months, and the incremental co...

Geographic information system (GIS) based emission inventory of particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm (PM10) for the base, 5 th and 10 th year was developed for Kanpur, an urban area in India. It has been observed that the 5 th and 10 th year will experience increased emission by factors of 1.5 and 2.2 of the base year. Twenty one control options (e.g. introduction of Euro ...

In 2001-2002 the UK began taxing vehicles according to CO2 emission rates. Since then, there has been a significant increase in consumer choice of small cars and diesel engines. We estimate CO2 reductions and air quality impacts resulting from UK consumers switching from petrol to diesel cars from 2001 to 2020. Annual reductions of 0.4 megatons (Mt) of CO2 and 1 million barrels of oil are estim...

We suggest to use a factor model based backdating procedure to construct historical Euro-area macroeconomic time series data for the pre-Euro period. We argue that this is a useful alternative to standard contemporaneous aggregation methods. The paper investigates for a number of Euro-area variables whether forecasts based on the factorbackdated data are more precise than those obtained with st...