The complete description of the lifetime of a droplet on a solid substrate evaporating in a ‘stick–slide’ mode is obtained. The unexpectedly subtle relationship between the lifetime of such a droplet and the lifetimes of initially identical droplets evaporating in the extreme modes (namely the constant contact radius and constant contact angle modes) is described and summarised in an appropriat...

Recent experiments on the evaporation of sessile droplets have revealed the spontaneous formation of various patterns including the presence of hydrothermal waves. These waves had previously been observed, in the absence of evaporation, in thin liquid layers subjected to an imposed, uniform temperature gradient. This is in contrast to the evaporating droplet case wherein these gradients arise n...

The energy efficiency of separate sensible and latent cooling (SSLC) airconditioning system is higher than traditional one, since SSLC system uses separate cycles which can raise the evaporating temperature of sensible cycle. Separate cycles often include two separate compressors, which makes the initial investment of SSLC cycle too expensive to use in room air conditioning. A novel structure r...

Performance of compression ignition engine is known to be spray characteristics related. Precise experimental information on fuel sprays is of utmost importance to model the fuel spray formation and its development in the engine combustion chamber. The previous experimental work of the present author on non-evaporating sprays produced by using a FIAT single-hole orifice type nozzle and a distri...

Porous TiO2 were assembled by evaporating or refluxing TiO2 colloid, which was obtained by dispersing the TiO2 nanoparticles with a crystallite size (d XRD) of 3.2 nm into water or ethanol without any additives. Porous transparent bulk TiO2 was obtained by evaporating the TiO2-C2H5OH colloid at room temperature for 2 weeks, while porous TiO2 nanospheres were assembled by refluxing the TiO2-H2O ...

A method is proposed to compute the continuum of paths, from shortest paths to all random paths between all pairs of nodes at once in a unified way. The analysis is based on treating the network as a random walk with an additional absorbing state named evaporating state reachable with nonzero probability from any state (so called “evaporating random walk”). The probability of avoiding absorptio...

In this paper the averaged weak (AWEC) and averaged null (ANEC) energy conditions, together with uncertainty principle-type restrictions on negative energy (“quantum inequalities”), are examined in the context of evaporating black hole backgrounds in both two and four dimensions. In particular, integrals over only half-geodesics are studied. We determine the regions of the spacetime in which th...

A computational study of turbulent evaporating sprays is reported. The major focus is to study the structure of turbulent evaporating sprays and to examine the sensitivity of their vaporization behavior to transient liquid-phase processes. Three models considered to represent these processes are the thin-skin, infinite-diffusion, and diffusionlimit models. Favre-averaged equations with a k-s-g ...