We report on the attainment of Bose-Einstein condensation with ultracold strontium atoms. We use the (84)Sr isotope, which has a low natural abundance but offers excellent scattering properties for evaporative cooling. Accumulation in a metastable state using a magnetic-trap, narrowline cooling, and straightforward evaporative cooling in an optical trap lead to pure condensates containing 1.5 x...

Self-paced endurance performance is compromised by moderate-to-high ambient temperatures that are evident in many competitive settings. It has become common place to implement precooling prior to competition in an attempt to alleviate perceived thermal load and performance decline. The present study aimed to investigate precooling incorporating different cooling avenues via either evaporative c...

In order to extend the shelf life of fruits and vegetables, they need to be properly stored. Proper storage means controlling both the temperature and relative humidity of the storage area. The essence of storage is of great importance because not all the harvested vegetables or crops in general will be used immediately after harvest so, measures of preserving the vegetables before it exceeds i...

We have developed an analytical model for evaporative cooling [1]. By simulating evaporation as a sequence of discrete steps, we could predict the time dependence of all important parameters such as temperature, density, elastic collision rate. By incorporating trap loss due to background gas collisions into our model we derived the threshold conditions for “run-away” evaporation. This is chara...

gas turbines play an important role in supplying power for the country especially in peak electricity load. the main disadvantages are the turbines, they produce large changes are a result of climate change. however, in times of peak electricity grid and at the same time warm months, can produce gas turbines under the effect of ambient temperature, the amount of reduced considerably. the method...

Day-and-night radiative sky cooling has emerged as a potential alternative to conventional technologies such refrigeration-based air conditioning and evaporative wet cooling. Both can passively achieve sub-ambient without consuming electricity. Although both techniques are subject impacts from various weather conditions, the extents of under same conditions not well understood. In this work, we...

Evaporative air cooling is an effective and environmentally benign method of cooling. Scientific evidence demonstrating that chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants (CFCs) are contributing to the destruction of the stratospheric ozone layer have prompted legislative action aimed at reducing the production and use of certain CFCs. Enacted legislation, by necessitating the introduction and use of alterna...

s (to be published) Abstract No. 1-M3. [9] W. Petrich, M. H. Anderson, J. R. Ensher, and E. A. Cornell, in Fourteenth International Conference on Atomic Physics, Boulder Colorado, 1994 (Ref. [8]). [10] M. Kasevich (private communication). [11] E. Tiesinga, A. J. Moerdijk, B. J. Verhaar, and H. T. C. Stoof, Phys. Rev. A 46, R1167 (1992). [12] H. F. Hess, Phys. Rev. B 34, 3476 (1986). [13] K. B. ...

Evaporative cooling by water spray is increasingly used as an efficient and environmentally-friendly approach to enhance thermal comfort in built environments. The complex two-phase flow in a water spray system is influenced by many factors such as continuous phase velocity, temperature and relative humidity patterns, droplet characteristics and continuous phase-droplet and droplet-droplet inte...