PURPOSE The aim of the study was to find an appropriate method for determination of the attachment degree of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to poly(anhydride) nanoparticles. METHODS The nanoparticles were modified with hydroxy-functionalized or with amino-functionalized PEGs. Three methods for their determination were applied and examined: in particular colorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance ( (1...

The He-Ne laser (632.8 nm) and the concept of optothermal window (OW), a variant of the open photoacoustic cell, were combined with the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetry assay to quantitate phenolics in four red wines. The total polyphenolic content in selected red wines varied between 786 and 1630 mg/L gallic acid equivalent (GAE) as determined by OW-Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetry, which compares well ...

We analyze the sources of error in specifying color in CRT displays. These include errors inherent in the use of the color matching functions of the CIE 1931 standard observer when only colorimetric, not radiometric, calibrations are available. We provide transformation coefficients that prove to correct the deficiencies of this observer very well. We consider four different candidate sets of c...

We study the traffic of two types of molecular motors using the two-species asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) with periodic boundary conditions and with attachment and detachment of particles. We determine characteristic properties such as motor densities and currents by simulations and analytical calculations. For motors with different unbinding probabilities, mean-field theory gives ...

Exception handling in Ada has a number of well-known problems. It allows for the propagation of unhandled and anonymous exceptions, it is error-prone and it is inappropriate for some language features including tasking and tagged types. Ada programs with exceptions are difficult to understand, develop, modify or analyse, and the exception handling features can be misused in a number of ways. In...

The principles that guided the founders of the United States. John Guild opened the meeting with apologies that the agendum circulated in advance was by then out of CIE 1931 system for colorimetry are examined. The principles are applied to the Wright–Guild experimental dedate. He noted, however, that CIE rules then in effect allowed countries four months after the vote for national conterminat...