It is well established that excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters are extensively liberated during ischemia and that they have neurotoxic properties contributing to neuronal injury. To study changes in the liberation of excitatory and other amino acids during cerebral ischemia, we measured their extracellular concentrations and related them to blood flow levels and electrophysiologic activity...

Double-barrelled pH-sensitive micro-electrodes were used to measure changes of intracellular and extracellular pH in and around motoneurons of the isolated frog spinal cord during application of excitatory amino acids. It was found that N-methyl-D-aspartate, quisqualate and kainate produced a concentration-dependent intracellular acidification. Extracellularly, triphasic pH changes (acid-alkali...

To study the effect of dexmedetomidine priming on convulsion reaction induced by lidocaine.The New Zealand white rabbits were applied for the mechanism study of dexmedetomidine priming for preventing convulsion reaction induced by lidocaine. The influence of dexmedetomidine priming with different doses on the time for convulsion occurrence and the duration time of convulsion induced by lidocain...

OBJECTIVES Increases in the extracellular concentration of the excitatory amino acids glutamate and aspartate during cerebral ischaemia in patients are well recognised. Less emphasis has been placed on the concentrations of the inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitters, notably gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA), despite evidence from animal studies that GABA may act as a neuroprotectant in models o...

Objective(s): Propofol (2, 6-diisopropylphenol) is an intravenous anesthetic that is commonly used for the general anesthesia. It is well known that the spinal cord is one of the working targets of general anesthesia including propofol. However, there is a lack of investigation of the effects of propofol on spinal dorsal horn which is important for the sensory transmission of nociceptive signal...

The relationship between the long-lasting enhancement of synaptic transmission produced by a phorbol ester and the release of endogenous excitatory amino acids has been investigated in the CA1 hippocampal region of the anaesthetized rat. Using the push-pull technique, the concentration of glutamate and aspartate was assayed in the perfusate by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Application of...

There is much current interest in excitatory amino acids and their receptors because of their postulated involvement in several disorders of the nervous system. They function as neurotransmitters, but can act as neurotoxins in some situations. They have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cerebral hypoxic/ischemic and hypoglycemic damage, in epilepsy, in some degenerative diseases, and in so...