Damavand is a large dormant stratovolcano in the Alborz Mountains of northern Iran located in one of the most populous provinces, which could be adversely affected by tephra fall from Damavand. The youngest known eruption is a lava flow on the western flanks with an age of 7.3 ka. The volcanic products are predominantly porphyritic trachyandesite. Three major young pumice deposits, named here a...

Density currents fed directly from subaqueous eruptions can be divided conceptually into three groups based on modes of fragmentation and transport: (I) explosive fragmentation, with deposition from a gas-supported current; (II) explosive fragmentation, with deposition from a water-supported current; (III) fragmentation of flowing lava, with deposition from a water-supported current (Fig. 1). G...