The aim of this article is to determine whether there opportunistic behavior in local government decisions related contracting out, public-private partnership (PPP) and/or public externalization. Analysis the results obtained from applying a fixed effects panel data model sample 2,274 Spanish municipalities supports existence asymmetric behavior. Specifically, strong evidence that preelection y...

We show how the externalization of our local brain functions is leading to a planetary level intelligence, or global brain. We argue that this mechanism of externalizing cognitive functions is a fundamental driver towards an ever smarter human-machine symbiosis. We discuss implications and applications of externalizing various cognitive functions such as memory, computation, hearing, vision, br...

This paper reconciles conflicting evidence on the nature of adjectival passives. Some evidence suggests that externalization of an internal argument in adjectival passives is a lexical operation not involving syntactic movement, while other evidence suggests that adjectival passive participles project an internal argument in the syntax. It is proposed that a subject may be base generated in a p...

In this era of knowledge economy, knowledge management, the key point of which is externalization of tacit knowledge, has been drawing more and more attention. By using the new concepts and tools emerging after Web 2.0 this paper provides a conceptual model to externalize and utilize of tacit knowledge on the basis of analysis and cogitation of difficult key issues during the process of externa...

During apoptosis, phosphatidylserine (PS), normally restricted to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, is exposed on the surface of apoptotic cells and serves as an ‘eat-me’ signal to trigger phagocytosis. It is poorly understood how PS exposure is activated in apoptotic cells. Here we report that CED-8, a Caenorhabditis elegans protein implicated in controlling the kinetics of apoptosis a...

A soluble lactose-binding lectin with subunit Mr of 14,500 is believed to function by interacting with extracellular glycoconjugates, because it has been detected extracellularly by immunohistochemistry. This localization has been questioned, however, since the lectin lacks a secretion signal sequence, which challenges the contention that it is secreted. We have demonstrated externalization of ...

Psychological research using mostly cross-sectional methods calls into question the presumed function of shame as an inhibitor of immoral or illegal behavior. In a longitudinal study of 476 jail inmates, we assessed shame proneness, guilt proneness, and externalization of blame shortly after incarceration. We interviewed participants (N = 332) 1 year after release into the community, and we acc...