BACKGROUND The diverse microbial communities in agricultural biogas fermenters are assumed to be well adapted for the anaerobic transformation of plant biomass to methane. Compared to natural systems, biogas reactors are limited in their hydrolytic potential. The reasons for this are not understood. RESULTS In this paper, we show that a typical industrial biogas reactor fed with maize silage,...

  Blackleg in cattle has been recognized since 1938 in Iran that mostly affects cattle in enzootic farm. Main object of this study was to prepare and formulate a concentrated potent vaccine for immunization of cattle against blackleg in Iran. Experimental concentrated blackleg vaccine was prepared according to the method described by FAO. The medium (Modified medium for production of experiment...

MicroScan Rapid plus Neg II Series and MicroScan Rapid plus Pos Series by Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics K.K. are the panels which enable to measure identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing quickly and we have confirmed that it is useful for detecting drug resistance bacteria. As the identification result of comparing Rapid plus series with the current panel by using 143 strains ...

This study attempts to investigate the antibacterial effectiveness of three varieties garlic (single garlic, kating and black garlic) on growth Enterobacteriaceae bacteria (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp, Klebsiella sp. from chicken meat samples. Treatment Kating single at concentrations 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 90%, 100%. observed inhibition zone Muller Hinton Agar (MHA) media that had been plan...

A high beta-glucosidase (BGL)-producing strain, Stereum hirsutum, was identified and isolated and showed a maximum BGL activity (10.4 U/ml) when cultured with Avicel and tryptone as the carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. In comparison with other BGLs, BGL obtained from S. hirsutum showed a higher level of activity to cellobiose (V(max) = 172 U/mg, and k(cat) = 281/s). Under the optimum ...

The production of enterotoxins A, B, and C by nine strains of Staphylococcus aureus has been studied under controlled conditions in a fermenter. The strain to strain differences between staphylococci producing a specific enterotoxin were very marked. Increasing aeration in shake flasks improved both growth and production of all extracellular proteins measured other than that of enterotoxin C, t...

In this work, a Weiner-type nonlinear black box model was developed for capturing dynamics of open loop stable MIMO nonlinear systems with deterministic inputs. The linear dynamic component of the model was parameterized using orthogonal Laguerre filters while the nonlinear state output map was constructed either using quadratic polynomial functions or artificial neural networks. The properties...

Two types of airlift fermenters, conventional (UT-ALF) and modified (CDT-ALF) were investigated to evaluate their performance with respect to baker’s yeast growth. The riser tube of conventional external loop airlift fermenter is replaced by a converging-diverging tube. The new reactor is called modified airlift reactor. The results were compared for the two types of airlift fermenter (UT-ALF a...

A new method for continuous biopanning has been developed. We have combined the power of affinity chromatography with the fecundity of bacteria in a unique process that mimics clonal selection. Mixed populations of bacteria were applied to a fermenter containing the immobilized ligand of interest. Bacteria retained in this affinity fermenter were allowed to grow under continuous washout conditi...