In this contribution we will address the main puzzling empirical issues that have been formulated around Free Indirect Discourse (FID): the constraints on the use of first person pronouns and of proper names (as well as of definite descriptions), the reasons why different grammatical features (person, gender, number) give rise to presuppositions that must be resolved at different levels of inte...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly susceptible to subject’s motion and can significantly degrade image quality. In brain MRI exams, involuntary headmovements can affect the sampled k-space data. Such unintended alterations may result in visible image artifacts such as blurring, ghosting and others, and therefore potentially disqualify the image fromdiagnostic purposes. Methods to charac...

Phillips SA, Hatoum OA, Gutterman DD. The mechanism of flowinduced dilation in human adipose arterioles involves hydrogen peroxide during CAD. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 292: H93–H100, 2007. First published October 13, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00819.2006.— Flow-induced dilation (FID) is an important physiological stimulus that regulates tissue blood flow and is mediated by endotheliumder...

Economic escape theory predicts flight initiation distance (FID, predator–prey distance when fleeing from an approaching predator begins), but currently cannot account for an observed increase in FID as alert distance (AD, predator–prey distance when a prey becomes alert to a predator), or its surrogate, starting distance (SD, predator–prey distance when approach begins) increases. The flush ea...

Introduction: With the SENSE Shimming (SSH) approach (1) a method was introduced recently that allows for estimating B0 field inhomogeneities based on a reference image and a series of points on a single free induction decay (FID). The temporal evolution of the FID data is explained by field inhomogeneities, starting from the reference image, making use of the encoding properties of the differe...

Low-salt (LS) diet has been considered to be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of hypertension; however, it also increases plasma angiotensin (ANG) II and may cause adverse cardiovascular effects, such as endothelial dysfunction. We assessed endothelial function of coronary arterioles and vascular superoxide production, as a function of LS diet. Dogs were fed with LS (0.05% NaCl) or a ...

Fuzzy inclusion dependencies ( , [0, FID s α 1]) α ∈ express subset-relationships between fuzzy databases and are thus important indicators for redundancies between fuzzy databases. In general, the discovery of FID s α will be beneficial in any effort to integrate unknown fuzzy databases. The problem of searching FID s α between two fuzzy relations is NP-hard. Therefore, we have mapped the FID ...

A problem as old as NMR is that of the influence of motion on the shape of the NMR absorption signal, or equivalently the shape of the FID. Although it is known that motion means narrowing, only two limiting cases are well defined. In the rigid solid, one has a clean theoretical expression for the FID function, in terms of the secular part 3TSS of the spin-spin interactions, most of the time es...

Previous work demonstrates that a flame ionization detector (FID) may be used as a detector for high-temperature water separation. However, the relatively high flow rate of the eluent required by standard high-performance liquid chromatography columns causes instability of the FID. In this work, micro-bore columns are packed with poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) (PRP-1) or Daiso gel octadecylsilane...

This paper contributes to two debates: (i) the debate about whether or not ancient Greek has Free Indirect Discourse (FID), and (ii) the debate about how we should analyze FID semantically. We do this by showing that there is a distinction between FID and what we call Unembedded Indirect Discourse (UID). The semantic analysis that we develop for the latter shows that the two phenomena, though s...