Protonmotive force produced by the electron transport chain is harnessed by the rotary molecular nanomotor ATP synthase to generate ATP. In this issue of Cell, Adachi et al. (2007), in a dazzling display of technical sophistication, now disentangle the coupling between the mechanical force generated by rotation of the ATP synthase subunits and the chemical reactions that occur simultaneously at...

The outgrowth of axons and dendrites from neuronal cell bodies to their appropriate targets is the canonical means of creating new processes. Heiman and Shaham (2009) now show that neuronal processes can also be made by anchoring dendrite tips at their target locations while the cell body pulls away, a process termed retrograde extension.

Despite significant advances in therapy for early-stage cancer, the prognosis for most advanced-stage tumors remains little changed over the past 50 years (1). A vast array of novel strategies has been introduced over this period, many of them building on a recent explosion of insights into tumor immunology. Early attempts at cancer immunotherapy focused on IL-2 or other T cell–activating cytok...

The spread of dengue virus (DV) via its Aedes mosquito vector throughout most of the tropics has led to a worldwide resurgence of epidemic dengue, including dengue hemorrhagic fever. For the first time in 60 years, the pipeline of dengue vaccines looks promising. Strains of each of the 4 DV serotypes, attenuated by passage in tissue culture or by recombinant DNA technology, have been formulated...

BACKGROUND Several studies have evaluated accuracy of intraoral scanners (IOS), but data is lacking regarding variations between IOS systems in the depiction of the critical finish line and the finish line accuracy. The aim of this study was to analyze the level of finish line distinctness (FLD), and finish line accuracy (FLA), in 7 intraoral scanners (IOS) and one conventional impression (IMPR...