Received: January 11, 2017 Revised: May 19, 2017 Accepted: June 07, 2017 Abstract: Background: Many children become less active as they age which increases their risk of developing of chronic conditions. Traditional forms of physical activity may not be optimal for them. There is a need for more attractive form of training to try and increase physical activity levels and improve the fitness of ...

eHealth devices such as smart scales and wearable fitness trackers are a key part of many health technology solutions. However, these eHealth devices can be vulnerable to privacy and security related attacks. In this poster, we propose a security analysis framework for eHealth devices, called mH-PriSe, that will yield useful information for security analysts, vendors, health care providers, and...

The seceder model is an extremely simple individual based model which shows how the local tendency to be different gives rise to the formation of hierarchically structured groups, called the seceder effect. The model consists of a population of simple entities which reproduce and die. In a single reproduction event three individuals are chosen randomly and the individual which possesses the lar...

This paper examines the concepts of selection and fitness as they have been defined and used by various workers in evolutionary biology. In doing so, it presents several closely related versions of the theory of organic evolution. The paper argues that the several concepts of selection are related in a fairly simple way. Some of the concepts are equivalent to each other and lead to equivalent f...

It’s been argued that fitness cannot always be defined as expected number of offspring; different, more complex functions are required for different contexts. Brandon (1990) argues that fitness therefore merely satisfies a common schema. Other authors (Ariew and Lewontin, 2004; Krimbas, 2004) argue that no unified mathematical characterization of fitness is possible. I focus on comparative fitn...

It has recently been noted that the relative prevalence of the various kinds of epistasis varies along an adaptive walk. This has been explained as a result of mean regression in NK model fitness landscapes. Here we show that this phenomenon occurs quite generally in fitness landscapes. We propose a simple and general explanation for this phenomenon, confirming the role of mean regression. We p...

We study the evolution of asexual microorganisms with small mutation rate in fluctuating environments, and develop techniques that allow us to expand the formal solution of the evolution equations to first order in the mutation rate. Our method can be applied to both discrete time and continuous time systems. While the behavior of continuous time systems is dominated by the average fitness land...

Evolution involves only a few simple processes, yet the resulting dynamics are surprisingly rich and complex. Sewall Wright developed the metaphor of fitness landscapes to provide deeper insight into the complex workings of evolution. Here we extend that metaphor by visualizing in real time the dynamic processes that drive evolution. We allow viewers to construct fitness landscapes interactivel...

Genetic Algorithms (GA's) are considered promising for music composition because they combine ‘creativity’ (ability to explore a large search space) with constraints (creative 'excess' is 'pruned' using a fitness function). A major difficulty with the use of GA's for this task is to define fitness functions which capture the aesthetic qualities of the wide range of successful melodies. In this ...

3 Complex Tasks: problem and solutions 4 3.1 Hierarchial strategy . . . . . . . . . 4 3.1.1 Primitives Arbitrators . . . 4 3.1.2 GP and regulatory genes . . 5 3.2 Incremental strategy . . . . . . . . . 5 3.2.1 Training on a simplified task first . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.2.2 Training on a part of the task first . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.2.3 Dynamic fitness functions . . 6 3.2.4 Coev...