INTRODUCTION The conversion of synthesis gas to methanol is practiced commercially in gas phase fixed bed reactors over a Cu/Zn/Al,O1 catalyst. However, because of the highly exothermic nature of the synthesis reactions, heat dissipation has been a bottleneck in the reactor design and process configuration. Moreover, coalderived synthesis gas, having a low H,/CO ratio, is not suitable for use i...

Abstract The aldol reaction of bio acetone in presence a strongly basic ion exchange resin was carried out with and without the addition water temperature range between ? 30 °C 45 °C. conversion, selectivity service time resins were investigated stirred batch reactor continuous fixed bed reactor. For experiments, both conversion increased decreasing temperature. Furthermore, to medium has posit...

The kinetics of cellulose hydrolysis under extremely low acid (ELA) conditions (0.07 wt%) and at temperatures >200°C was investigated using batch reactors and bed-shrinking flow-through (BSFT) reactors. The maximum yield of glucose obtained from batch reactor experiments was about 60% for α-cellulose, which occurred at 205 and 220°C. The maximum glucose yields from yellow poplar feedstocks were...

The H2S retention with Ca-based sorbents in a pressurized fixed-bed reactor (1 MPa) has been analyzed, obtaining the breakthrough curves with a dolomite and two different limestones, different particle size (+0.8-1.0 mm, +1.25-1.6 mm, and +1.6-2.0 mm), and both at calcining (1173 K) and non-calcining conditions (1123 K). The effect of the stoichiometric time in the breakthrough curves has been ...

A rotary reactor and a fluidized bed reactor (both laboratory-scale and operated in batch mode) are used for the treatment of granulates containing SSA and CaCl ) and treating this mixture (possible after granulation) in a rotary kiln at 1000±100°C leads to the formation of volatile heavy metal compounds which evaporate and to Pphases with a high bio-availability. Due to economical and ecologic...

In this study, the homogeneity of the continuum model of a fixed bed reactor operated in steady state and unsteady state systems for lean CH4 oxidation is investigated. The steady-state fixed bed reactor system was operated under once-through direction, while the unsteady-state fixed bed reactor system was operated under flow reversal. The governing equations consisting of mass and energy balan...

In a large number of industrial semi-batch reactor applications, a single reaction takes place in the reactor and the operational objective is to compute the optimal feed rate of reactants and the optimal batch temperature that optimizes an objective function at the end of a fixed batch time. In this work, it is shown that the optimal operating policy can be split into several time intervals. A...

A fixed bed pyrolysis has been designed and fabricated for obtaining liquid fuel from mustard de-oiled cake. Thermal pyrolysis of mustard deoiled cake were carried out in a semi batch reactor made up of stainless steel at temperature range from 450 0 C to 600 0 C and at a rate of 150C /min to produce bio-fuel. The maximum yield of oil was 51% on wt. % basis for mustard de-oiled cake, it was obt...

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Magnetospirillum sp. 15-1. This strain was isolated from a planted fixed-bed reactor based on its ability to degrade toluene under anaerobic conditions. The genome assembly consists of 5.4 Mb in 28 contigs and 5,095 coding sequences containing the genes involved in anaerobic toluene degradation.