In sour gas flares,  content like any other components in inlet gas influences adiabatic flame temperature, which, in turn, impacts on the pollutant emission. Wherever flame temperature increases, the endothermic reaction between  and  is accelerated, which means higher  emission to the atmosphere. In this work, we developed an in-house MATLAB code to provide an environment for combustion calcu...

In recent years, concerns over the impact of internal combustion engine hydrocarbon emissions on the environment have prompted tighter regulation on allowable emission levels. While much work has been done on reducing hydrocarbon emissions after they have entered the exhaust stream, less direct monitoring of the emission sources has been performed. An optically accessible four-stroke internal c...

2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: D1318 Test Method for Sodium in Residual Fuel Oil (Flame Photometric Method) D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy D3340 Test Method for Lithium and Sodium in Lubricating Greases by Flame Photometer D3605 Test Method for Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorption and Flame Emission Spectroscopy D3831 Test...

FLAME CURTAIN BIOCHAR KILNS Pyrolysis of organic waste or woody materials yields charcoal, a stable carbonaceous product that can be used for cooking or mixed into soil, in the latter case often termed "biochar". Traditional kiln technologies for charcoal production are slow and without treatment of the pyrolysis gases, resulting in emissions of gases (mainly methane and carbon monoxide) and ae...

A Nd:YAG-pumped dye-laser system was used to two-photon excite oxygen atoms at 225.6 nm in an atmosphericpressure CH(4)-N(2)O-N(2) flame. Subsequent emission at 844.7 nm from the directly populated state as well as a stronger emission at 777.5 nm that was due to the O(3p(3)P ? 3p(5)P) collisional-energy transfer process was monitored. Two-photon-resonant oxygen-atom and hydrogen-atom (656.3-nm)...

INTRODUCTION In two earlier papers (Ramsay, 1950; Ramsay, Falloon & Machin, 1951) a method was described by which it was possible to determine the concentration of sodium in samples of fluid of the order of io~ cu.mm. in volume. This method has now been extended to include the determination of potassium simultaneously upon the same sample. It is still in the experimental stage of development; w...

The convenience and accuracy of flame photometric determinations of sodium and potassium in biological fluids (1, 2) have suggested the desirability of extending these advantages to determinations of calcium. Since calcium emission lines are much less intense than those of sodium and potassium (3), the samples of diluted serum (1: 50) customarily used for sodium and potassium determinat.ions ar...

BACKGROUND The aim of this paper was the validation of a new analytical method based on the high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the fast-sequential determination of several hazardous/priority hazardous metals (Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in soil after microwave assisted digestion in aqua regia. Determinations were performed on the ContrAA 300 (Analyt...

The present study experimentally investigates fundamental characteristics of diffusion flames and the importance of gas radiation. In particular, transient measurements of flame growth, temperature, and radiation intensity of an expanding spherical diffusion flame in microgravity are used to investigate the effects of various diluents (N2, CO2) with different radiative properties. Two systems w...

Microgravity experiments were conducted in the 2.2-s drop-tower facility at the NASA Glenn Research Center to study the transient response of the burner-generated spherical diffusion flame caused by its initial displacement from the steady-state position. The experiment involved issuing H2/CH4/inert mixtures of constant fuel mass flow rates from a bronze, porous, 1.27-cm-diameter, spherical bur...