Different subregions of nucleus accumbens (NAc) have been implicated in reward seeking, promoting flexible approach responses, suppressing nonrewarded actions, and facilitating shifts between different discrimination strategies. Interestingly, the NAc does not appear to mediate shifting between stimulus-reward associations (i.e., reversal learning) when reinforcement is predictable. How these n...

flexibility is one of the most important indicators of a supply chain .a flexible supply chain in the face of market changes and customer needs, must be responsive to the changes and needs, to be able to attract customers in the a competitive marketplace. being aware of the flexibility of a supply chain helps managers to solve problems and overcome deficiencies and increase the competitive adva...

A fi rewall is a collection of components interposed between two networks that fi lter traffi c between them according to some security policy [1]. Typically, fi rewalls rely on restrictions in the network topology to perform this fi ltering. One key assumption under this model is that everyone on the protected network(s) is trusted, since internal traffi c is not seen by the fi rewall and thus...

By blending storytelling with topics in biology, a fun activity can be created for students to strengthen their scientific knowledge (1-3). The “Sci-Fi Microbe” writing assignment lets students create an altered version of a known microorganism, and write a story describing an unusual observation that leads the characters discovery of their new microorganism. The Sci-Fi Microbe exercise is appr...

Psychosocial stress influences cognitive abilities, such as long-term memory retrieval. However, less is known about the effects of stress on cognitive flexibility, which is mediated by different neurobiological circuits and could thus be regulated by different neuroendocrine pathways. In this study, we randomly assigned healthy adults to an acute stress induction or control condition and subse...

Statement of purpose: The purpose of these working papers is to promote the circulation of research results (Research Series) and analytical studies (Documents Series) made within the National Bank of Belgium or presented by external economists in seminars, conferences and conventions organised by the Bank. The aim is therefore to provide a platform for discussion. The opinions expressed are st...

The LEP energy upgrade up to fi =189 GeV has allowed us to extend substantially the potential of searches for new physics. Results on searches for Higgs bosoms and supersymmetric particles obtained by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3, and OPAL experiments are reported. No evidence of any signal is observed. Therefore, new limits on the Higgs boson masses as well as on the masses of the various supersymmet...

We would like to congratulate Fruchter et al 1 for their ingenious, effective, and minimally invasive way of treating the very challenging condition of bronchopleural fi stulas as reported in a recent issue of CHEST (March 2011). However, because we were cited in their work, we must make a correction. The misunderstanding is that our fi rst publication was a case report of our fi rst patient (5...

Introduction In examining wireless-internet technologies (Wi-Fi), several ethical issues are exposed. While the unauthorized use of Wi-Fi is illegal in a few select cases, what is considered permissible still varies from state to state. What does not vary, however, is the fact that individuals are going to great lengths to locate unsecured wireless access points whether it is for their own bene...