We demonstrate the fabrication of an all-carbon electrode by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition for use in flexible electrochemical applications. The electrode is composed of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes that are grown directly on a flexible graphite foil. Being all-carbon, the simple fabrication process and the excellent electrochemical characteristics present an approach through...

This article reports the use of commercial, flexible printed circuit technology for the fabrication of low-cost microelectrode arrays (MEAs) for recording extracellular electrical signals from cardiomyocyte cultures. A 36-electrode array has been designed and manufactured using standard, two-layer, polyimide-based flexible circuit technology, with electrode diameters of 75 and 100 m. Copper str...

Micromotion between the brain and implanted electrodes is a major contributor to the failure of invasive microelectrodes. Movements of the electrode tip cause recording instabilities while spike amplitudes decline over the weeks/months post-implantation due to glial cell activation caused by sustained mechanical trauma. We compared the glial response over a 26-96 week period following implantat...

Co3O4 nanolayers have been successfully deposited on a flexible carbon nanotubes/carbon cloth (CC) substrate by atomic layer deposition. Much improved capacitance and ultra-long cycling life are achieved when the CNTs@Co3O4/CC is tested as a supercapacitor electrode. The improvement can be from the mechanically robust CC/CNTs substrate, the uniform coated high capacitance materials of Co3O4 nan...

This study presents a method of producing flexible electrodes for potentially simultaneously stimulating and measuring cellular signals in retinal cells. Currently, most multi-electrode applications rely primarily on etching, but the metals involved have a certain degree of brittleness, leaving them prone to cracking under prolonged pressure. This study proposes using silver chloride ink as a c...

Flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors have offered promising applications as novel energy storage devices based on their merits, such as small size, low cost, light weight and high wearability for high-performance portable electronics. However, one major challenge to make flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors depends on the improvement of electrode materials with higher electrical conduct...

stract-This paper describes the development of microelectrodes th integrated three-dimensional electrode structures. The tegration of three-dimensional structures aims at an improvement the electrode/tissue interface. Due to the increase in surface area e electrode impedance is reduced, while the density of icroelectrodes per area remains the same as with flat electrodes. o different types of e...

Graphene application within electrochemical sensing has been widely reported, but mainly as a composite, which adds summative effects to an underlying electrode. In this work we report the use of laser-scribed graphene as a distinct electrode patterned on a non-conducting flexible substrate. The laser-scribed graphene electrode compared favourably to established carbon macroelectrodes when eval...