In this study, we have investigated variations in the potential of floating and submerged leaves of longleaf pondweed (Potamogeton nodosus) to withstand silver ion (Ag+)-toxicity. Both floating and submerged leaves changed clear colorless AgNO3 solutions to colloidal brown in the presence of light. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of distinct crystalline Ag-nanoparticles (...

The interaction between an oceanic internal solitary wave (ISW) and a prototype submerged floating tunnel (SFT) is numerically investigated. Effect of amplitude, the relative distance SFT to pycnocline, cross-sectional geometry SFT, density ratio two fluid layers are analyzed. At potential application site, dynamic response composed tube-joint-mooring system forced by ISW studied using Finite E...

Marine biofouling is a major concern in the operational performance of submerged floating tunnels (SFTs). Within years after construction, marine growth increases effective dimension and mass SFT hence, can substantially affect hydrodynamic forces alter buoyancy-weight ratio (BWR). Therefore, roughness height one most crucial factors influencing SFT. We investigated effects fouling flow behavio...