El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most dominant interannual signal of climate variability and has a strong influence on climate over large parts of the world. In turn, it strongly influences many natural hazards (such as hurricanes and droughts) and their resulting socioeconomic impacts, including economic damage and loss of life. However, although ENSO is known to influence hydrology ...

abstract the aim of this study, is to evaluate the effect of loss methods application on run-off volume and hydrograph shape used by hydrologic models. in this research, four loss methods including constant loss (φ index), initial loss-loss rate, scs and constant fraction approach were applied to be evaluated. to do this, clark rainfall-runoff model was applied for 24 storm events from kasilain...

Flood disasters and snow disasters are frequent disasters in China, causing considerable economic loss and serious damage to towns and farms. The problems of how these two disaster types distribute and what disaster-forming environments are important to their occurrence are the most pressing problems in disaster risk assessment and salvage material arrangement. The present study aims to establi...

BACKGROUND Although many previous epidemiological studies have reported the incidence of diseases, mortality rate and economic losses after natural disasters, none of these studies has been comprehensive enough. Our aim was to establish a synthetic evaluation model (SEM) that can be used to analyze flood hazards. METHODS Initial evaluation indicators were selected using systematic and literat...

The Dutch government is in the process of revising its national flood safety policy. The current Dutch Flood Defense Act lays down design standards for the Dutch flood defenses. These standards have been based on/rationalized by economic optimizations in which investment costs are balanced against the discounted value of (potential) future losses. Loss of life is not considered separately. This...

Floods continue to pose a significant threat to the property and safety of human populations in the United States. The economic impact from floods is estimated in the billions of dollars annually, and these losses are exacerbated by increasing development. This article examines the impact of wetland alteration on flood damage among local jurisdictions in Florida over a 7-year period. Specifical...

Floods are among the natural disasters that cause human hardship and economic loss. Establishing a viable flood forecasting and warning system for communities at risk can mitigate these adverse effects. However, establishing an accurate flood forecasting system is still challenging due to the lack of knowledge about the effective variables in forecasting. The present study has indicated that th...

Flood risk can be reduced by means of flood forecasting, warning and response systems (FFWRS). These systems include a forecasting subsystem which is imperfect, meaning that inherent uncertainties in hydrological forecasts may result in false alarms and missed events. This forecasting uncertainty decreases the potential reduction of flood risk, but is seldom accounted for in estimates of the be...

After the flood disaster in 1953 in the southwestern part of the Netherlands, Van Dantzig tried to solve the economic decision problem concerning the optimal height of dikes. His solution has a fixed probability of flooding after each investment. However, when there is economic growth, not the probability of flooding but the expected yearly loss by flooding is the key variable in the real optim...

In recent years, through the availability of remotely sensed data and other national datasets, it has become possible to conduct national-scale flood risk assessment in the England and Wales. The results of this type of risk analysis can be used to inform policy-making and prioritisation of resources for flood management. It can form the starting point for more detailed strategic and local-scal...