The southern Andes create a variety of atmospheric phcromena, b:* &ese have not been well studied. In this paper, we describe our preliminary observations and modeling of a few of these phenomena including: the sharp vegetation gradient on the eastern slopes, orographic triggering ofroll convection, foehn wall and short lee-wave trains, liquid clouds capping ice clouds, "bullef' clouds, and iso...

Mountain gravity wave theories often neglect the observationnal evidence that the large scale winds can become very small near the earth surface. This common shortcoming is related to the fact that mountain waves have a critical level near the surface in this case, making the problem extremely involved. We briefly expose here how Lott (2016) circumvents this difficulty and derive a theory where...

Japanese society has recently taken a greater interest in foehn warming because it caused record-breaking high temperatures and sudden damage to rice crops. This is the first comprehensive climatological study focused on Japan's south foehn, which blows across Toyama Plain Hokuriku region. Climatological analyses, including an objective self-organizing map subjective analysis of 198 cases, reve...