routinely, a bolus of 5.000-10.000 iu human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) is usedfor the final follicular maturation and ovulation as a standard method. hcg has thesame effect of luteinizing hormone (lh) with long half-life. it has the longlutheotrophic effect which increases the risk of ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome(ohss). recently, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (gnrh-a) trigger h...

Ovaries, which provide a place for follicular development and oocyte maturation, are important organs in female mammals. Follicular development is complicated physiological progress mediated by various regulatory factors including microRNAs (miRNAs). To demonstrate the role of miRNAs in follicular development, this study analyzed the expression patterns of miRNAs in granulosa cells through inve...

BACKGROUND Ovarian follicle growth and maturation requires extensive communication between follicular somatic cells and oocytes. Recently, intercellular cell communication was described involving cell-secreted vesicles called exosomes (50-150 nm), which contain miRNAs and protein, and have been identified in ovarian follicular fluid. The goal of this study was to identify a possible role of exo...

Follicular fluid (FF) provides a very important microenvironment for the development of oocyte maturation, ovulation and fertilization. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different charged groups of cow follicular fluid proteins on in vitro oocyte maturation (IVM) when added to cultured maturation medium. The follicular fluid were obtained from dominant follicle and prec...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ovarian tissue vitrification and two-step in vitro culture on the metaphase II (MII) oocyte reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) expression and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity. After collection of neonatal mouse ovaries, 45 ovaries were vitrified and the others (n = 45) were...

Reproductive aging and assisted reproduction are becoming progressively more relevant in human medicine. Research with human subjects is limited in many aspects, and consequently animal models may have considerable utility. Such models have provided insight into follicular function, oocyte maturation, and reproductive aging. However, models are often selected based on factors other than physiol...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of ovarian follicular dominance on the outcome of oocyte in-vitro maturation. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 21 patients with polycystic ovaries or polycystic ovary syndrome (Rotterdam criteria, 2004) subjected to 24 invitro maturation (IVM) cycles between October 2015 and January 2017. Patients undergoing IVM received minimal gonadotropin...

Members of the forkhead box O1 (FOXO) family of transcription factors are expressed in granulosa cells during various stages of follicle development, and evidence from rodent and other model systems suggests that they may be involved in regulating follicular activation and oocyte maturation. In this report, we show that FOXO1, FOXO3, and FOXO4 are expressed in human luteinized mural granulosa c...

Oocytes and their companion somatic cells maintain a close association throughout oogenesis and this association is essential for normal oocyte and follicular developmenL This review summarizes current concepts of the role of the somatic cells in the regulation of mammalian oocyte growth, the maintenance of meiotic arrest, the induction of oocyte maturation, and the acquisition of full embryoni...