Time perception is critical to animal behaviours requiring anticipation of future events based on present information about the environment. Most models of animal foraging assume that animals are capable of measuring absolute time despite evidence that animals measure time with predictable biases in mean and variance. We incorporate the evidence for a rate-biased subjective time perception into...

introduction: hydronephrosis is one of the major causes of referring infants for nuclear medicine investigation. renal dynamic study is the most reliable investigation for such children. however direct evaluation of renogram leads to generation of parameters that have no physiological interpretation. the configuration of renogram is very much dependent upon the rate at which radiopharmaceutical...

background functional constipation (fc) and constipation-predominant irritable bowl syndrome (cibs)are two main subtypes of constipation that can be distinguished by the rome ii criteria. measuring colonic transit time (ctt) is an easy and cost effective way to evaluate constipation. this study was conducted to compare the ctt in patients with fc and cibs. materials and methods those patients w...

BACKGROUND Associations between hours worked per week and Body Mass Index (BMI), food intake, physical activity, and perceptions of eating healthy at work were examined in a sample of transit workers. METHODS Survey data were collected from 1086 transit workers. Participants reported hours worked per week, food choices, leisure-time physical activity and perceptions of the work environment wi...

In the present article, we describe the validation of a new non-invasive method for measuring blood pressure (BP) which also enables to determine the three BP values: systolic, diastolic and mean value. Our method is based on the pulse transit time (PTT) measurement along an artery directly at the BP cuff. The accuracy of this method was evaluated by comparison with the direct simultaneous meas...

AIMS/BACKGROUND Nuclear transit studies (NTS) allow us to follow transit through the stomach and the small and large intestines. We identified children with chronic constipation with rapid proximal colonic transit and characterized their clinical features. METHODS We reviewed NTS from 1998 to 2009 to identify patients with chronic constipation and rapid proximal colonic transit, defined as gr...

Introduction: In this study, the effects of black tea extract of Iranian tea plant (Camellia sinensis var sinensis) and its polyphenolic pigment thearubigins were investigated on mice intestinal transit time. Method: Thearubigins were isolated by liquid-liquid fraction method. The effects of black tea extract and isolated thearubigins on intestinal propulsion were measured by charcoal propulsio...

Cereal fibers are known to increase fecal weight and speed transit time, but far less data are available on the effects of fruits and vegetable fibers on regularity. This study provides a comprehensive review of the impact of these three fiber sources on regularity in healthy humans. We identified English-language intervention studies on dietary fibers and regularity and performed weighted line...