By modeling soil as a three-dimensional spatially random material, the reliability of shallow rectangular footings against serviceability limit state failure in the form of excessive settlement can be estimated. The methodology to be used is the 3-d random finite element method (RFEM) which combines finite element analysis with random field theory, where the mean, the standard deviation and the...

This technical note investigates the effect of footing embedment depth on tunnel–structure interaction using geotechnical centrifuge testing. A 2-story framed building separate footings, either resting directly surface or embedded in soil, and subjected to tunneling-induced displacements is modeled. Measurements footings underlying ground deformations, structural distortions are presented. Resu...

In Bhopal, the widespread occurrences of cracking due to alternate swelling and shrinking in lightly loaded structures provided with traditional foundation like the strip footings in are covered by swelling soil. It is likely that foundation movements, due to shrinkage and swelling of expansive soil as a result of moisture content changes are responsible for more damage to building than any oth...

Motivated by the observed (successful and unsuccessful) performance of numerous structures on top of, or immediately next to a normal fault that ruptured during the Kocaeli 1999 earthquake, this paper: (i) develops a two-step finite element methodology to study the propagation of a fault rupture through soil and its interplay with the foundation–structure system, denoted hereafter “Fault Ruptur...

This paper presents a general model for the design to obtain thickness and reinforcing steel areas of rectangular footings that support from 1 “n” columns aligned on longitudinal axis. The pressure diagram is considered linear. Some recently published papers are restricted certain types as isolated footings, combined two columns. first part this shows minimum soil area supports Three numerical ...

In this paper, the influence of foundation configuration (raft or separate footings) on tunnel–soil–framed building interaction is investigated using geotechnical centrifuge testing. Tunnelling-induced soil movements and deformation fields, framed displacements structure shear distortions (with associated modification factors) are illustrated. Framed stiffness footing bearing capacity also eval...

Power transmission lines routes mapping is an important technique for locating power transmission line routes and towers on mountain/hilltops to assist viewing of their impacts on the environment, operations and allocation of public utilities. A study was therefore conducted to map the power transmission lines within Bukit Lanjan PLUS highway. The main objective of this study is to assess the c...