We consider an extremal problem motivated by a paper of Balogh [J. Balogh, A remark on the number of edge colorings of graphs, European Journal of Combinatorics 27, 2006, 565–573], who considered edge-colorings of graphs avoiding fixed subgraphs with a prescribed coloring. More precisely, given r ≥ t ≥ 2, we look for n-vertex graphs that admit the maximum number of r-edge-colorings such that at...

This paper discusses the descriptional complexity of generalized forbidding grammars in context of degrees, numbers of nonterminals and conditional productions, and a new descriptional complexity measure—an index—of generalized forbidding grammars.

The purpose of this contribution1 is to set up a language to evaluate the results of concerted action among interdependent agents against predetermined properties that we can recognise as desirable from a deontic point of view. Unlike the standard view of logics to reason about coalitionally rational action, the capacity of a set of agents to take a rational decision will be restricted to what ...

The world has always been a dangerous place, and it remains so. There are different kinds of dangers, for there are different kinds of evils. Some of those evils are termed natural evils, some others, moral evils. Both of them are called evils for they cause death, sickness, devastation. Natural evil like death by old age is a common human lot. Other natural evils, like earthquakes or the pesti...

We define classes of graphs based on forbidding and enforcing boundary conditions. Forbidding conditions prevent a graph to have certain combinations of subgraphs and enforcing conditions impose certain subgraph structures.We say that a class of graphs is an fe-class if the class can be defined through forbidding and enforcing conditions (fe-system). We investigate properties of fe-systems and ...

Inspired by biomolecular reactions and processes Rozenberg and Ehrenfeucht define forbidding and enforcing systems (fe-systems) on languages and study their language theoretical and computational properties (see [8–10, 41]). The general idea of the forbidding-enforcing paradigm is that a class of structures is defined by a pair of constraints, called an fe-system. In their model, an fe-system d...

F or me, the word " evil " is somewhat of an abstraction. Having led a protected life, one of only a few occasions on which I have seen something resembling evil was when the Twin Towers fell on September 11th. Evil is the intent of harm and deliberate violation of basic moral and ethical codes. Evil is now woven into our culture, something that, in recent times, probably became more apparent (...

Sstarting from a set of strands (or other types of building blocks) a variant of forbidding-enforcing systems for graphs is proposed which models the DNA self-assembly process. The possible outcomes of the self-assembly process comply with necessary constraints arising from the physical and chemical properties of DNA. A set of forbidding and enforcing rules that describe these constraints are p...

INTRODUCTION “[D]eath is different.” When used to punish, death taps society’s most primal urges. It is meant to be a deterrent for potential offenders, triggering in them the innate reflex for self-preservation. For society, it is meant to feed the primal desire for retribution. For these very reasons, it is often claimed that death is only reserved for the worst of the worst. However, in tryi...