Proof-carrying code (PCC) provides a “gold standard” for establishing formal and objective confidence in program behavior. However, in order to extend the benefits of PCC – and other formal certification techniques – to realistic systems, we must establish the correspondence of a mathematical proof of a program’s semantics and its actual behavior. In this paper, we argue that assurance cases ar...

Formal semantics offers a complete and rigorous definition of a language. It is important to define different semantic models for a language and different models serve different purposes. Building equivalence between different semantic models of a language strengthen its formal foundation. This paper shows the derivation of denotational semantics from operational semantics of the language cCSP....

To capture and analyze the functional requirements of an information system, UML and the Unified Process (UP) propose the use case and sequence diagrams. However, one of the main difficulties behind the use of UML is how to ensure the consistency of the various diagrams used to model different views of the same system. In this chapter, the authors propose an enriched format for documenting UML2...

Building equivalences between different semantic models of a language strengthens the formal foundation of the language. This paper shows the derivation of denotational semantics from operational semantics of the language cCSP. The aim is to show the correspondence between the operational and trace semantics. We extract traces from operational rules and use structural induction to show the corr...

Many emerging software description languages support separation of concerns using multiple perspectives or aspects. This separation can exist at various levels of the software lifecycle, from elicitation of requirements to implementation. No matter what level of abstraction, though, the composition of these perspectives is done by establishing the correspondence of state and operations across t...

1 Temple University, 2 University of Wisconsin—Madison Students benefit from learning multiple procedures for solving the same or related problems. However, past research on comparison instruction has focused on comparing multiple formal procedures. This study investigated whether the benefits of comparing procedures extend to comparisons that involve informal and formal procedures. We also exa...

Let OK = FqJπK be the ring of power series in one variable over a finite field, and let K be its fraction field. We introduce the notion of a “formal K-vector space”; this is a certain kind of K-vector space object in the category of formal schemes. This concept runs parallel to the established notion of a formal OK-module, but in many ways formal K-vector spaces are much simpler objects. Our m...

Introduction • We are interested in programming language with the point of view: Proofs as Programs (Curry-Howard correspondence). Introduction • We are interested in programming language with the point of view: Proofs as Programs (Curry-Howard correspondence). • The specifications are the types and the lambda-terms are the extracted programs (the code). Introduction • We are interested in prog...

in this paper, we investigate the continuity of linear and sublinear correspondences defined on cones in normed spaces. we also generalize some known results for sublinear correspondences.

background and objective: one way to promote education quality is to evaluate faculty activities by students, departmental heads, and the dean. the degree of correspondence between students' and departmental heads' evaluation shows how honest they are in their assessment. the current paper intends to find the truth.     materials and methods : questionnaires were used to conduct the s...