improved: expectation of life at twenty rose, age at marriage for women fell, more land was available. But plague had left a middle-aged and elderly population, and by 1400 Halesowen was doomed to demographic stagnation for a generation or more. This general picture had been suggested by much previous work on medieval agrarian society, but it had not been established in such overwhelming and co...

improved: expectation of life at twenty rose, age at marriage for women fell, more land was available. But plague had left a middle-aged and elderly population, and by 1400 Halesowen was doomed to demographic stagnation for a generation or more. This general picture had been suggested by much previous work on medieval agrarian society, but it had not been established in such overwhelming and co...

There is a complex inter-relationship between nutrition and morbidity in human health. Many diseases reduce nutritional status, but on the other hand, having low status also known to make individuals more susceptible certain serious illness. Modern evidence these relationships, determined after introduction of antibiotics vaccines, may not be applicable historical settings before medical techno...

The article explores the disabled female gaze through titular character in Hans Christian Andersen’s fairy tale “The Little Mermaid” (1837), arguing that sight is a strategy of empowerment challenges able-bodied male gaze. tale—and its accompanying visual forms, including sculpture and illustration—is placed dialogue with Literary Disability Studies, examining how little mermaid depicted as an ...

William Buchan was born in Ancram in Roxburghshire in 1729 where his father had a small estate. Even during his school days he acted as amateur doctor to the village. In about 1749, he went to Edinburgh to study divinity, supporting himself by teaching mathematics to fellow students. Changing to the study of medicine under the elder Gregory, he qualified around 1758. The following year he was a...