—We analyzed diff erences in wing morphology between sexes and among age classes of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) to assess possible relationships with diff erential migration, acrobatic aerial displays, and potential vulnerability to predation, using size-constrained component analysis. Data on wing morphology of all four sex and age classes were available from birds spending the nonbree...

admitted to hospital for thunderclap headache, blurred vision and hypertension. Based on clinical manifestations, diagnostic work-up and follow-up, the authors diagnosed the case as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) [1]. We agree that PRES should be considered in this case, while diff erential diagnosis such as subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) requires further investigation and e...

Abstract. We present a new tunably-accurate Laguerre Petrov-Galerkin spectral method for solving linear multi-term fractional initial value problems with derivative orders at most one and constant coe cients on the half line. Our method results in a matrix equation of special structure which can be solved in O(N logN) operations. We also take advantage of recurrence relations for the generalize...

in this paper, we prove the existence of the solution for boundary value prob-lem(bvp) of fractional dierential equations of order q 2 (2; 3]. the kras-noselskii's xed point theorem is applied to establish the results. in addition,we give an detailed example to demonstrate the main result.

This work presents the arguments for the possibility of approximating some discontinuous dynamical systems with continuous or even smooth dynamical systems. The discontinuous di€erential equation, which describes the system, is transformed into a di€erential inclusion and then into a di€erential equation with continuous or smooth right-hand side. As an example a generalization of the equations ...

Di€usion and convection coecients of the aerated ̄ow in a hydraulic jump are estimated in the framework of an optimal control problem. The speci®c gravity of air±water mixture is governed by a steady state convection di€usion partial di€erential equation. The governing equation includes the di€usion coecient and the convection coecient, which are taken as the control variables to minimize a ...

Diff ering lifehistory strategies may act as a constraint on reproductive expression that ultimately limits the ability of individual species to respond to changes in the magnitude or frequency of environmental variation, and potentially underlies the variation oft en inherent in phenotypic and evolved responses to anthropogenic change. Alternatively, if there are environmental cues that predic...

We consider a system of ordinary di erential equations consisting of a singularly perturbed scalar di erential equation of second order and a scalar di erential equation of rst or second order and study a Neuman-Cauchy or a Neuman-Dirichlet problem. We assume that the degenerate equation has two intersecting solutions such that the standard theory for systems of Tichonov's type cannot be applie...

in this paper an approximate analytical solution of the fractional zakharov-kuznetsov equations will be obtained with the help of the reduced differential transform method (rdtm). it is in-dicated that the solutions obtained by the rdtm are reliable and present an effective method for strongly nonlinear fractional partial differential equations.

In a di erential equations course, one typically studies a few classes of problems for which there are closed form solutions, such as ordinary, linear di erential equations with constant coe cients. Most problems of interest in real world simulation problems are much more complex, however, involving domains of two or more dimensions or nonlinear e ects, yielding partial di erential equations or...