OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to investigate pulp survival following crown fracture with and without pulp exposure as well as with and without associated subluxation and in relation to stage of root development and type of enamel-dentine fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study consisted of 83 patients with 116 crown fractured incisors without pulp exposure and 35 patients wit...

The purpose of this study was to identify the causes and risk factors for hip fractures, a rare but devastating complication, following hip arthroscopy. The electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and PubMed were searched and screened in duplicate for relevant clinical and basic sciences studies and pertinent data was abstracted and analysed in Microsoft Excel. Nineteen studies (12 clinical studie...

Initial cracks occur in high strength concrete sleepers for various reasons, such as shrinkage and wrong curing and long lifetime of over 50 years of sleepers. These cracks may lead to complete failure of the structure. In order to more accurately design the sleepers, fracture mechanics (not strength of materials) should be incorporated. In order to achieve this purpose, it is important to fore...

This paper investigates the effect of crystallographic orientation on the mode of material removal (ductile vs. brittle) in diamond scribing of single crystal silicon (c-Si) and offers an explanation for the observed effects in terms of the combined role of phase transformation and slip generation. Single-point diamond scribing tests are performed on (111), (001) and (110) crystallographic plan...

Elastomers and gels can often deformmultiple times their original length. The stretchability is insensitive to small cuts in the samples, but reduces markedly when the cuts are large. We show that this transition occurs when the depth of cut exceeds a material-specific length, defined by the ratio of the fracture energy measured in the large-cut limit and the work to rupture measured in the sma...

Ž . Ž . Cluster variable aperture CVA simulated annealing SA is an inversion technique to construct fluid flow models in fractured rocks based on the transient pressure data from hydraulic tests. A two-dimensional fracture network system is represented as a filled regular lattice of fracture elements. The algorithm iteratively changes element apertures for a cluster of fracture elements in orde...

The corrosion fatigue performance of high-strength bolt was studied. Based on the fracture mechanics theory and the Gerberich-Chen formula, the high-strength bolt corrosion fracture crack model and the fatigue life model were established. The high-strength bolt crack depth and the fatigue life under corrosion environment were quantitatively analyzed. The factors affecting high-strength bolt cor...

[1] Water-rock interactions within variable aperture fractures can lead to dissolution of fracture surfaces and local alteration of fracture apertures, potentially transforming the transport properties of fractures over time. Because fractures often provide dominant pathways for subsurface flow and transport, developing models that effectively quantify the role of dissolution on changing transp...