In biological fluids, hCG and its free alpha- (hCG alpha) and beta-subunits (hCG beta), occur in multiple forms. These various forms differ at the molecular level primarily in glycosylation, but also differ in protein backbone modifications corresponding to the urinary low molecular weight fragment of the hCG beta-subunit (beta-core fragment). This microheterogeneous nature can be demonstrated ...

Intact human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), hyperglycosylated hCG, and the free subunit are the forms of hCG produced by healthy tissues and tumors (1 ). Intact hCG is the predominant form in serum and plasma in pregnancy and trophoblastic disease, hyperglycosylated hCG in choriocarcinoma and testicular cancer, and the free subunit in nongestational malignancy. Proteases present in macrophages a...

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone comprising 2 subunits, alpha and beta joined non covalently. While similar in structure to luteinizing hormone (LH), hCG exists in multiple hormonal and non-endocrine agents, rather than as a single molecule like LH and the other glycoprotein hormones. These are regular hCG, hyperglycosylated hCG and the free beta-subunit of hyperglyc...

hCG exists in two analogous structures, as typified by the hormone hCG which binds an LH/hCG hormone receptor and the TGFß receptor binding autocrine hyperglycosylated hCG. Both share a common α-subunit and ß-subunit amino acid sequence. From the common hormone hCG and autocrine hyperglycosylated hCG structures there are seven common hCG variants with wildly varying hormone hCG or autocrine hyp...

The use of multiple maternal serum biochemical markers in screening for Down syndrome is gaining worldwide acceptance. We sought to study the impact of the potential instability of intact human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on free beta-hCG subunit, a marker that has recently been used successfully in such screening. We found that, in practice, any changes in free beta-hCG due to the instability...

Testosterone is produced in male rats by the action of luteinizing hormone (LH), an anterior pituitary hormone which interacts with receptors on Leydig cells (testes) to activate adenylate cyclase. A most frequently used agonist for LH is human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone synthesized by the placenta during the early stages of pregnancy. Like LH, it is a heterodimer consisting of two...

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a dimeric glycoprotein hormone consisting of noncovalently associated and subunits. It is produced principally by the trophoblastic cells of the placenta but may also be produced by nontrophoblastic tissues including normal pituitary and neoplastic cells. Therefore, qualitative and quantitative measurement of hCG is clinically useful in the diagnosis of nor...

We present the interferometric measurements of 2.6 mm CO (J = 1 ! 0) emission (F W HM 5 00) and the analysis of IRAS HIRES images of two Hickson Compact Groups HCG 31 and HCG 92 (\Stephan's Quintet"). The far infrared (FIR) emission is concentrated to a single region in HCG 31 while it is clearly extended and peaks near the group center in HCG 92. CO emission is weak in HCG 31, and the brightes...

Aim: This study was conducted to investigate placenta-associated plasma protein (PAPP-A) and free human chorionic gonadotropin (B-hCG) levels after blastocyst transfer versus cleavage-stage embryo transfer. 
 Materials method: A total of 449 women were included in this rerospective sudy. The consisted two groups: Group 1: pregnant conceived by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) proced...

BACKGROUND hCG is a term referring to 4 independent molecules, each produced by separate cells and each having completely separate functions. These are hCG produced by villous syncytiotrophoblast cells, hyperglycosylated hCG produced by cytotrophoblast cells, free beta-subunit made by multiple primary non-trophoblastic malignancies, and pituitary hCG made by the gonadotrope cells of the anterio...