OBJECTIVE To present the results of upper calyceal access during percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) for stones in the lower calyx, as PCNL is considered the most effective minimally invasive surgery for managing lower calyceal stones, with percutaneous access either directly to the lower calyx or through an upper or middle calyx. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 76 patients with sin...

The methane potential of nine varieties of fresh maize harvested at three different times and of maize silage was experimentally determined in batch assays. The ultimate methane productivity in terms of volatile solids (VS) was determined as 213.94-313.63, 195.88-334.81 mL/g VS from several fresh and silage maize in three stages, respectively. The average specific methane yield of wax ripeness ...

in order to select and release of nassim, a new cultivar of red clover, the researcher carried out the researches at the field of seed and plant improvement institute (spii) in karaj and some research stations such as shahrekord, sanandej, kermanshah, arak, gorgan during years 1996-2006. the experimental research was carried out design rcbd with six treatments and four replications during years...

abstract the irrigation water quality is not suitable for crop production in most regions of iran. it is estimated that almost six bcm/year of saline water enter to the rivers, in iran. the saline water can potentially use for growing of tolerant crops with a specific management on the agriculture practice. one of the management methods is the conjunction use of fresh and saline water. in this ...

The levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and alkaline-hydrolyzable ABAconjugate (putatively identified as the glucosyl ester, abscisyl-,8-D-glucopyranoside) were determined by enzyme immunoassay in the organs of developing navel orange (Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck cv Washington) flowers. Although both compounds were detected in every tissue, developmentally related differences between organs in the to...

at least on the lower surface, rarely glabrous; petioles ? ^ in. Bracteoles \ in., narrow?lanceolate, somewhat persistent. Panicles terminal, the racemes densely fulvous-villous, and congested. Ovary-sessile, young fulvous-villous. Calyx shortly constricted above the ovary then funnelshaped, hairy within and without; calyx-tube upwards 5-fluted, the segments triangular, acute, erect. Petals nar...

Odor discrimination in higher brain centers is essential for behavioral responses to odors. One such center is the mushroom body (MB) of insects, which is required for odor discrimination learning. The calyx of the MB receives olfactory input from projection neurons (PNs) that are targets of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in the antennal lobe (AL). In the calyx, olfactory information is trans...