PURPOSE Diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) is an emerging technique that describes diffusion of water molecules in terms of deviation from Gaussian distribution. This study investigated correlations between DKI metrics and cognitive function in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS DKI was performed in 29 iNPH patients and 14 age-matched controls...

BACKGROUND Studies on cognition in multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients are limited. METHODS A total of 110 MSA patients were evaluated using Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Frontal Behavioral Inventory (FBI), and Unified MSA Rating Scale (UMSARS) tests. Fifty-five age-, sex-, education- and domicile-matched healthy controls were recrui...

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has become a serious global problem that affected almost all aspects of modern society, especially public health. Among the significant health problems one can single out - an increase in number people with cognitive, depressive and anxiety disorders patients. These disoders may be due to severity patient’s condition during period disease, presence events after ...

Frontal lobe dysfunction is a hallmark of alcohol dependence. Recent studies have shown that a simple but powerful technique of cortical modulation--transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)--can induce significant cognitive changes. We therefore aimed to assess the clinical and electrophysiological (as indexed by P3) effects of tDCS of left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in differ...

Substance-dependence is highly associated with executive cognitive function (ECF) impairments. However, considering that it is difficult to assess ECF clinically, the aim of the present study was to examine the feasibility of a brief neuropsychological tool (the Frontal Assessment Battery - FAB) to detect specific ECF impairments in a sample of substance-dependent individuals (SDI). Sixty-two s...

Methods: 131 patients with AD (mild, moderate degree) were included in the investigation according to the diagnostic criteria of DSM IV and MKB 10. 45 AD patients were on galantamine, 43-memantin and 43-combined therapy. The control group includes 45 patients. In our investigation in the main group of AD patients the duration of the disease was from 6 months to 4.3 years, on average 3.3 years. ...

AIMS This study examined the frontal lobe cognitive function and the mental state among patients with different types of alcohol dependence according to Lesch's typology. METHODS The frontal assessment battery (FAB) and the mini-mental status examination (MMSE) were given to 170 patients with alcoholism from a Brazilian outpatient service classified by Lesch's typology and to 40 non-alcoholic...

Cognitive impairment and affective dysfunction of multiple system atrophy (MSA) and cortical cerebellar atrophy (CCA) have not been simultaneously examined comparing standard test batteries and a sensitive tool to detect subtle cognitive decline in patients. In the present study, we simultaneously examined cognitive and affective ability in MSA with predominant cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C, n=25), ...