One of transient phenomenon that causes the mal-operation of the power transformer differential protection during the energization of a loaded power transformer is the ultra-saturation phenomenon. In this paper, a new model for investigating the ultra-saturation phenomenon during the energization of a loaded power transformer is presented and its effect on the differential protection of the pow...

This paper presents a 6 transistor fully differential dualended low-voltage (ULV) FGUVMOS operational transconductance amplifier (FGUVMOS-OTA), and a Gm-C filter where the FGUVMOS-OTA is used. The OTA has rail-torail operation. A basic Gm-C filter implemented with the OTA is presented. The cut-off frequency of the filter is tunable over almost 6 decades with a supply voltage below 1V.

This paper presents a fully differential dualended ultralow-voltage (ULV) FGUVMOS operational transconductance amplifier (FGUVMOS-OTA), and a Gm-C filter where the FGUVMOS-OTA is used. The OTA has no internal nodes, rail-to-rail operation and dynamic load. The cut-off frequency of the Gm-C filter is tunable over more than 5 decades. The circuits may be operated with supply voltages down to 200mV.

A fully differential opamp suitable for very-low voltage switched-capacitor circuits in standard CMOS technologies is introduced. The proposed two stage opamp needs a simple low voltage CMFB switched-capacitor circuit only for the second stage. Due to the reduced supply voltage, the CMFB circuit is implemented using bootstrapped switches. Minor modifications allow to use chopper stabilization f...

This paper presents a low-power and fully integrated frontend channel for long-wave infrared spectroscopic gas recognition. The proposed channel circuitry includes: input sensor biasing, sub-Hz high-pass filtering and pre-amplification, differential blind cancellation, and lock-in A/D conversion. The proposed CMOS circuits make extensive use of transistor subthreshold operation and digital prog...