Effects of four tropical plant (Aframomum melegueta, Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides, Piper guineense and Eugenia aromatica) were investigated under tropical laboratory storage conditions for the protection of cowpea seeds against insect infestation. The plant materials were pulverised into fine powder after air drying and admixed with 20 g of cowpea seeds at the ...

The European legislative on the use of different control strategies against plant-parasitic nematodes, with particular reference to pesticides, is constantly evolving, sometimes causing confusion in sector operators. This article highlights nematode management allowed C Zone Union, which includes chemical nematicides (both fumigant and non-fumigant), agronomic (crop rotations, biofumigation, co...

The two most commonly used fumigant formulations, one generating hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and the other phosphine (PH3), were compared in paired field trials using the spoon-gassing technique. The two formulations were equally effective in reducing rabbit numbers seen in spotlight counts. The PH3 generating formulation was more convenient and slightly cheaper to use. Safety and humaneness aspects...

New alternative insecticides are necessary for the chemical control of head lice. In this study the fumigant knockdown time 50% (KT50) and repellency index (RI) of three aliphatic lactones was compared with two essential oils and DDVP, against permethrin-resistance Pediculus humanus capitis from Argentina. In the fumigant assay, none of the lactones were effective compared to the highest activi...

Yates, S. R., Gan, J., Papiernik, S. K., Dungan, R., and Wang, D. 2002. Reducing fumigant emissions after soil application. Phytopathology 92:1344-1348. Volatilization and soil transformation are major pathways by which pesticides dissipate from treated agricultural soil. Volatilization is a primary source of unwanted agricultural chemicals in the atmosphere and can significantly affect fumigan...

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus) yield losses due to Fusarium wilt can be considerable and have been increasing in the United States, mainly emergence of new races oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON). One potential management strategies reduce is use fumigants soil-applied fungicides. Field experiments were conducted 2018 2020 evaluate fumigant Pic-clor 60 (choloropicrin pre-mixed with 1,3...

A spectrum of fumigants (primarily ethylene dibromide, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, ethylene oxide, symdibromotetetrachloroethane, 1,3-dichloropropene, dichlorovos, carbon tetrachloride, methyl bromide) as well as their degradation products in foodstuffs and soil have been examined mainly in regard to the potential mutagenicity of their residues.

The concentration and distribution of a soil fumigant in the subsurface of field plots are two key factors in the determination of the fumigant efficacy. Subsurface concentrations of the biologically active compounds cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) were determined in soil at two adjacent injection traces and midpoint between the two traces in plastic-covered fie...