Smith’s article Fuzzy logic and higher-order vagueness [12] presents a solution to the problem of artificial precision, encountered in the degree-theoretical semantics of vagueness. The solution is based on fuzzy plurivaluationism, which has been discussed in more detail in Smith’s book [11]. Within the degree-theoretical framework, fuzzy plurivaluationism is certainly the appropriate treatment...

Ontologies have been successfully employed in applications that require semantic information processing. However, traditional ontologies are not able to express fuzzy or vague information, which often occurs in human vocabulary as well as in several application domains. In order to deal with such restriction, concepts of fuzzy set theory should be incorporated into ontologies so that it is poss...

In this paper we propose a natural approach to handle imprecise numbers as they arise for example from measurements. Fuzzy sets turn out to be a canonical representation for such imprecise numbers that are induced by taking diierent tolerance or error bounds into account. Fuzzy sets are induced by scaling factors that describe the magnitude of the imprecision. On the other, the scaling factors ...

although many scholars had proposed lots research results about online shopping, they are quite vague and hard for enterprisers to practice it. hence, this research observes the online store policies, services, functions, and activities among 17 online shopping platforms in taiwan, china, and hong kong. and, this research (1) finds online stores assessment items by literature review; (2) establ...

Spatial database systems and geographical information systems are currently only able to support geographical applications that deal with only crisp spatial objects, that is, objects whose extent, shape, and boundary are precisely determined. Examples are land parcels, school districts, and state territories. However, many new, emerging applications are interested in modeling and processing geo...

Some manipulations with vague quantities consist in an aggregation of vague amounts where the resulting aggregated quantity (in our case a sum of vague summands) is expected to be (almost) crisp. The aim of this contribution is to analyze and briefly discuss various approaches to this problem which can be supported by the elementary theory of fuzzy quantities. The analysis is focused on the pos...

Vagueness is a linguistic phenomenon as well as a property of physical objects. Fuzzy set theory is a mathematical model of vagueness that has been used to define vague models of computation. The prominent model of vague computation is the fuzzy Turing machine. This conceptual computing device gives an idea of what computing under vagueness means, nevertheless, it is not the most natural model....

The concept of vague graph was introduced by Ramakrishna in [12]. A vague graph is a generalized structure of a fuzzy graph that gives more precision, flexibility, and compatibility to a system when compared with systems that are designed using fuzzy graphs. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of dominating set, perfect dominating set, minimal perfect dominating set and i...

In nature as well as otherwise there are what we can call deterministic and non-deterministic phenomena. Non-deterministic ones attract more challenges in scientific study. When the patterns of occurrence of non-deterministic phenomena are stable in their occurrence, their study was taken up in statistics. However, in real world, there is a large variety of vague phenomena, imprecise concepts a...

Soft set theory, proposed by Molodtsov has been regarded as an effective mathematical tool to deal with uncertainties. Vague set is a set of objects, each of which has a grade of membership whose value is a continuous subinterval of [0, 1]. Such a set is characterized by a truth-membership function and a falsemembership function. Thus, a vague set is actually a form of fuzzy set, albeit a more ...