A vast selection of different ozone generator designs is commercially available on today’s market. In large-scale applications, the ground electrode is designed as gas/water tube heat exchanger, which is filled with tubular high-voltage electrodes on the gas processing side. Available constructions differ in diameter, length and arrangement of the tubular electrodes, type and support of the die...

This work experimentally investigates the dissociation of CO2 in an atmospheric pressure surface-wave discharge. A 2-kW microwave power supply is used to sustain the plasma contained in 1-cm-diameter quartz tube. Optical emission spectroscopy is recorded at varying axial positions along the quartz discharge tube to give evidence of the different species present. Diagnostics taken with a residua...

With the exception of the 632.8 nm neon line all the important visible and ultraviolet cw gas laser lines belong to the spectra of ionized atoms. To achieve proper laser oscillation the excitation of the upper levels of these lines is of primary importance. High energy electrons are needed for this process. As such electrons are in high concentration in the hollow cathode discharge, it was obvi...

A kinetic model is presented that explains the more than thirty-fold enrichment of atomic nitrogen component with 15 N isotope in post-discharge zone. Isotopic due to activation nature exchange reaction atoms vibrationally excited molecules, upper vibrational levels which are enriched molecules containing a heavier during non-equilibrium vibrational-vibrational exchange. The dependences concent...

We describe an advanced undergraduate experiment to demonstrate molecular spectroscopy by measuring the vibrational energy spacing of nitrogen molecules in the gas phase. We show how the use of a simple and readily available AC discharge tube and a handheld spectrometer allows students to observe and measure the radiative collisional phenomena in the gas, and to scrutinize the resulting emissio...

An investigation of the luminosity structure, electron density, temperature, and arrival time of electrode material in the shock heated region of the plasma produced in a T-tube has disclosed that for the conditions studied the luminosity from this region originates primarily from gases that have passed through the contact surface. A plausible explanation for this mixing of discharge gases with...

.hot metal gas forming of tubes can be used in various industries such as automotive and aerospace industries. in this process tube is formed at elevated temperatures, by using gas instead of fluid pressure. lower required pressure and low power are its advantages in comparison to hydroforming process. in this paper, a hot metal gas bulging process of an aluminum alloy tube has been investigate...

Understanding the interaction between a weakly ionized gas and a shock wave is important for detailed knowledge of the conditions of planetary atmospheric entry. This interaction can manifest itself in the form of a localized increase of electron temperature, plasma induced shock dispersion and acceleration, optical emission enhancement, or double electric layers. In our work, a microwave disch...

In this study we designed an RF plasma circuit. By using argon as plasma-forming gas, we investigated argon cold plasma plume at atmospheric pressure. Due to the tendency of transferring into arc mode after gas breakdown, resulting from the avalanche of electrons, we employed a glass tube as a dielectric barrier layer to inhibit the occurrence of the arc mode. We used an RF power supply at freq...