background cerebral state index (csi) is derived from electroencephalogram (eeg) and is used for monitoring the level of consciousness during anesthesia. this study was designed to investigate the accuracy of glasgow coma scale (gcs) and csi as a predictor of in-hospital mortality in patients with trauma brain injury (tbi). objective to compare the predictive value of gcs and csi for predicting...

Drug resistance causes treatment failure in approximately 50% of breast cancer patients with chemotherapy. Overexpression of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) confers drug resistance in cancer cells, and suppression of GCS sensitizes cancers to chemotherapy in preclinical studies. Thus, GCS becomes a potential target to reverse drug resistance; however, little is known about GCS expression levels...

BACKGROUND Appropriate patient selection is very important when initiating mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) for patients following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and the extent of unconsciousness at implementation must be defined in such cases. However, there are no clear standards regarding the level of unconsciousness at which MTH would be beneficial. The effects of MTH in patients with di...

The major functions of granulosa cells (GCs) include the production of steroids, as well as a myriad of growth factors to interact with the oocyte during its development within the ovarian follicle. Also FSH stimulates GCs to convert androgens (coming from the thecal cells) to estradiol by aromatase. However, after ovulation the GCs produce progesterone that may maintain a potential pregnancy. ...

Glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) overexpression is associated with multidrug resistance in several human cancers. GCS blockade, which overcomes multidrug resistance by downregulating P-glycoprotein (P-gp), has not been tested in head and neck cancer (HNC). This study investigates whether GCS is targetable in HNC by assessing whether GCS inhibition sensitizes HNC to cisplatin. The effect of genet...

Sports related concussions are a frequent presentation to the Emergency Department (ED) Buchanan et al. (2011), and can be effectively managed by nurse practitioners (Jamault and Duff, 2013). Concussion and its sequelae are a significant cause of morbidity for patients, and may result in a premature end to sporting participation. The growing concern regarding concussion in sport has resulted in...

A Generalised Cornu Spiral (GCS) is a planar curve defined to have a monotonic rational linear curvature profile and as such these curves are considered fair. However, their implementation in current CAD systems is not straight forward partly due to not being in the usual polynomial form. A GCS cannot be expressed exactly using a finite polynomial and so a compromise can be achieved by instead ...

Previous studies from this laboratory demonstrated that 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE), a lipid peroxidation product, induces expression of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS), the rate-limiting enzyme in de novo glutathione (GSH) synthesis, in rat alveolar epithelial L2 cells. The present study demonstrates that 4HNE also induces GCS in primary cultured alveolar epithelial type II (AT2) cells....

We first present the results of numerical simulations on formation processes and physical properties of old globular clusters (GCs) located within clusters of galaxies (“intracluster GCs”) and in between clusters of galaxies (“intercluster GCs”). Our high-resolution cosmological simulations with models of GC formation at high redshifts (z > 6) show that about 30 % of all GCs in a rich cluster c...