We previously showed that insulin has a profound effect to suppress pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) 4 expression in rat skeletal muscle. In the present study, we examined whether insulin's effect on PDK4 expression is impaired in acute insulin-resistant states and, if so, whether this change is accompanied by decreased insulin's effects to stimulate Akt and forkhead box class O (FOXO) 1 pho...

Fiber type specificity for expression of all three rat skeletal muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) isoforms (PDK1, 2, and 4) was determined in fed and 24-h fasted rats. PDK activity and isoform protein and mRNA contents were determined in white gastrocnemius (WG; fast-twitch glycolytic), red gastrocnemius (RG; fast-twitch oxidative), and soleus (Sol; slow-twitch oxidative) muscles. PDK ...

Background Transferring herbicide resistance genes to plant cultivars is one of the most effective methods for managing weed growth in agricultural land. The RePAT gene, previously isolated from marine bacterium Rhodococcus sp . strain YM12, was found provide glufosinate plants. Objective In this study, we further investigated protein structure and function marine. Methods physicochemical prope...

This study investigated whether conditions known to alter the activity and phosphorylation state of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex have specific effects on the levels of isoenzymes of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) in rat heart. Immunoblot analysis revealed a remarkable increase in the amount of PDK4 in the hearts of rats that had been starved or rendered diabetic with streptozotocin. ...

PURPOSE Transferring the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) genes into the tissues or cells can improve the bone healing of the fracture has been widely accepted. We evaluated the efficiency of using gene gun to transfer the BMP-2 gene thereby affected the healing of a fractured bone. METHODS The vector coding for BMP-2 was constructed by a non-replicating encephalo-myocarditis virus (ECMV)...

objective: the objective of this study is to develop and assess targeted pamam-peg nanocarrier with anti-tag72 nanobody for t-bid gene coding construct delivery into the human colonic adenocarcinoma cells. materials and methods: nanobody (nb) coding sequence was subcloned into psj expression vector for large-scale production and then nb was purified by ni++ affinity chromatography. sds-page an...