Several statistical methods have been developed for adjusting the Odds Ratio of the relation between two dichotomous variables X and Y for some confounders Z. With the exception of the Mantel-Haenszel method, commonly used methods, notably binary logistic regression, are not symmetrical in X and Y. The classical Mantel-Haenszel method however only works for confounders with a limited number of ...

The asymptotic power of the Mantel-Haenszel test is compared to that of its competitors.

This paper proposes two new Mantel-Haenszel test statistics for correlated binary data in 2 x 2 tables that are asymptotically valid in both sparse data (many strata) and large-strata limiting models. Monte Carlo experiments show that the statistics compare favorably to previously proposed test statistics, especially for 5-25 small to moderate-sized strata. Confidence intervals are also obtaine...

Differential item functioning (DIF), as an assessment tool, has been widely used in quantitative psychology, educational measurement, business management, and insurance and healthcare industries. The purpose of DIF analyses is to detect response differences of items in questionnaires, rating scales, or tests across different subgroups (e.g., gender), while controlling for ability level. There a...