Dilution can best be defined as the proportion of waste tonnage to the total weight of ore and waste in each block. Predicting the internal dilution based on geological boundaries of waste and ore in each block can help engineers to develop more reliable long-term planning designs in mining activities. This paper presents a method to calculate the geological internal dilution in each block and ...

Recent research has suggested that changes in temperature and precipitation events due to climate change have had a significant impact on the availability and timing of streamflow. In this study, monthly temperature and precipitation data collected over 29 climate divisions covering the entire Colorado River basin and monthly natural flow data from 29 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) gauge locatio...

Mid-ocean ridges, transform faults, subduction and continental collisions form the conventional theory of plate tectonics to explain non-rigid behaviour at plate boundaries. However, the theory does not explain directly the processes involved in intraplate deformation and seismicity. Recently, damage structures in the lithosphere have been linked to the origin of plate tectonics. Despite seismo...

Three-dimensional computer modelling of geological phenomena is rapidly emerging as a field within the already mushrooming science of computer visualization. In geological applications three-dimensional interpretations are routinely performed through the use of two-dimensional map data and knowledge about the geological history of an area. These interpretations are traditionally depicted with i...

Ice cores through an ice sheet can be regarded as a sample of a unique natural deformation experiment lasting up to a million years. Compared to other geological materials forming the earth‘s crust, the microstructure is directly accessible over the full depth. Controlled sublimation etching of polished ice sections reveals pores, air bubbles, grain boundaries and subgrain boundaries at the sur...

Systematic exploration of the continental lithosphere by deep seismic reflection profiling over the past 20 years has revolutionized our view of the deep crust and upper mantle. Major geological features have been traced to lower crustal depths. Certain deep crustal features have been traced into the underlying mantle (fossil subduction zones?). Some geotectonic boundaries, considered by genera...

Plate Boundaries and Natural Hazards, Geophysical Monograph 219, First Edition. Edited by João C. Duarte and Wouter P. Schellart. © 2016 American Geophysical Union. Published 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. “With firm geological foundations and major earthquakes rare, Fukushima is a safe and secure place to do business.” Fukushima Prefecture Website [Cyranoski, 2011] Promise and Paradox: Why Im...