[1] We report new observations of stationary planetary waves in the Southern Hemisphere of Mars by Mars Global Surveyor (MGS). We focus on a period during midwinter (Ls = 134 –160 ) when independent observations were acquired by two techniques. Radio occultation experiments sounded the atmosphere at essentially fixed latitude ( 68 S) and local time ( 1030), yielding profiles of geopotential and...

Abstract The gravitational field is important for many natural phenomena related to earth dynamics, especially mass transport. Its precise determination essential sciences such as geodesy, geophysics and oceanography. Determining the earth’s same determining potential. Since this potential a harmonic function outside earth, spherical series are often used represent gravity field. Global Geopote...

We examine how the new forthcoming Earth gravity models from the CHAMP and, especially, GRACE missions could improve the measurement of the general relativistic Lense–Thirring effect according to the various kinds of observables which could be adopted. In a very preliminary way, we use the first recently released EIGEN2 CHAMP– only and GGM01C GRACE–based Earth gravity models in order to assess ...

Neural network models are used to reveal the nonlinear winter atmospheric teleconnection patterns associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and with the Arctic Oscillation (AO) over the N. Hemisphere. The nonlinear teleconnections (for surface air temperature, precipitation, sea level pressure and 500 hPa geopotential height) are found to relate quadratically to the ENSO and AO in...

A least squares regression method is formulated for obtaining global temperature and geopotential height profiles from satellite radiation measurements, particularly those obtained by the Satellite Infra-Red Spectrometer (SIRS) aboard the Nimbus 3 satellite launched Apr. 14, 1969. Regression equations relating temperature and geopotential height to spectral radiance observations are derived. A ...