OBJECTIVE Craniotomy (CO) and decompressive craniectomy (DC) are two main surgical options for acute subdural hematomas (ASDH). However, optimal selection of surgical modality is unclear and decision may vary with surgeon's experience. To clarify this point, we analyzed preoperative findings and surgical outcome of patients with ASDH treated with CO or DC. METHODS From January 2010 to Decembe...

introduction the abducent nucleus is located in the upper part of the rhomboid fossa beneath the fourth ventricle in the caudal portion of the pons. the abducent nerve courses from its nucleus, to innervate the lateral rectus muscle. this nerve has the longest subarachnoid course of all the cranial nerves, it is the cranial nerve most vulnerable to trauma. it has been reported that 1% to 2.7% o...

BACKGROUND West Nile Virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that has caused ongoing seasonal epidemics in the United States since 1999. It is estimated that ≤1% of WNV-infected patients will develop neuroinvasive disease (West Nile encephalitis and/or myelitis) that can result in debilitating morbidities and long-term sequelae. It is essential to collect longitudinal information about the r...

OBJECTIVE To determine predictors for outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in infants and children younger than twelve years admitted to our pediatric intensive care units (PICU). METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study from 2004-5, done at the PICU of King Fahad Hofuf Hospital, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. One hundred and six patients with TBI; 65 boys and 41 girls ages 12 or und...

The importance and effectiveness of the appropriate use of automobile restraints by young children has been emphasized in several studies. Once the child has entered the emergency care system, however, restraint use may not be the best predictor of injury severity. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship of restraint status to morbidity and mortality in children examined in a ...

BACKGROUND Despite new improvements on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), brain damage is very often after resuscitation. OBJECTIVE To assess the prognostic value of cerebral oxygen saturation measurement (rSO2) for assessing prognosis on patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. DESIGN Retrospective analysis. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS We analyzed 25 post-CPR patients (12 female and ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the appearance, morphology, and treatment of occipital condyle fractures (OCF). METHODS Cases were collected by a retrospective and prospective analysis of teaching files and case logs. Patients' charts, when available, were reviewed for age, sex, mode of injury, physical examination, Glascow Coma Scale score, and associated injuries. Plain films and CT images were reviewe...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders have been espoused for the enhancement of patient autonomy, avoidance of futile medical intervention, and cost containment. Outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the intensive care setting have been dismal, with few patients surviving to discharge. This study compares patients who died in medical and surgical ICUs in a DNR status wit...