Online estimation of the frequencies of a signal which is the sum of sinusoidals with unknown amplitudes, frequencies and phases is made through yet another well-known and simple system theoretical tool—adaptive identifiers. Convergence of the proposed estimator is proved. The new frequency estimator is of 3 order, as compared to the order 5 1 resulting from Marino–Tomei observers. Results are ...

[1] We use five years of data from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) to develop a correlation between the frequency of Deep Convective Clouds (DCC) and the zonal mean tropical surface temperature. AIRS data show that the frequency of DCC in the tropical oceans is very temperature sensitive, increasing 45% per 1 K increase of the zonal mean surface temperature. The combination of the sensi...

Background: In Iran, a combination of three methods of budget payment, fee for service and case-based payment (known as the global payment system) is used to reimburse the cost of hospital services. The aim of this study was to investigate the costs of 90 services of the Global Hospital Reimbursement System at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional app...

In this work, we utilize the Finite-Difference Time Domain (FDTD) Method coupled to a full band, Cellular Monte Carlo simulator to model high-frequency devices. Replacing the traditional Poisson solver with a more robust electromagnetic (EM) solver provides a complete solution of the Lorentz force resulting in a more accurate model for determining the small-signal response of microwave transist...

For decades seismologists have sought causal relationships between maximum earthquake sizes and other properties of subduction zones, with the underlying notion that some subduction zones may never produce a magnitude ~9 or larger event. The 2004 Andaman Mw 9.2 earthquake called into question such ideas. Given multicentury return times of the greatest earthquakes, ignorance of those return time...

A frequency synchronization method is proposed and analyzed for global satellite communications systems employing low earth orbit satellites or medium earth orbit satellites. In these systems, the Doppler shift varies randomly and can be more than ten times larger than the symbol rate. The proposed method uses the satellite as the reference point and corrects frequency errors accordingly. It is...